This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 11887, including the Title Page, Copyright information, and Table of Contents.

The study mainly includes three modules: circuit automatic simulation, dependency matrix conversion and fault simulation. Firstly, through the netlist file and the command file of rail transit sensor, we integrate the fault modeling and fault injection of the circuit by Saber software. According to the FMEA analysis table and the research requirements, the study proposes a fault simulation technology which firstly convert the results of the FMEA analysis into a fault sourcetest dependency matrix, then setting up the simulation analysis that needs to be performed and the feature response that needs to be extracted. In the end, design and implementation of automated FMEA Software has been established and it can realize the function of fault simulation and fault diagnosis of the system.

Optimal sensor placement can provide the most valuable information at the lowest cost, which is the material basis to improve the performance of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system. Firstly, this paper analyzes the problem of optimal sensor placement, determines the optimal placement criteria, and establishes the optimal sensor placement model according to the system testability index requirements. An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, Immune Multi-direction Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (IMBPSO) is proposed by introducing Immune algorithm, and then the placement task is solved by the algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by an example, and the optimization results meet the requirements of placement index, which can provide effective guidance for the optimal configuration of sensors in PHM system.

In this work, oxygen vacancy TiO_2-x films were prepared by Electron Beam Evaporation (EBE) and Microwave Plasma Etching (MPE) treatment under Ar/H₂ (argon/hydrogen) atmosphere for the uncooled infrared thermal sensor. The structure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). TiO_2-x film has high resistance temperature coefficient (TCR) due to the structural transition and the oxygen vacancy produced during MPE process, which suitable for uncooled infrared thermal sensor. It can be concluded that the MPE is a fast, simple, and annealing-free treatment method to provide a constructive way to optimize the TCR of TiO_2-x films.

For the 20kNm torque sensor, ANSYS simulation software was applied to conduct static simulation research on the elastic elements of four materials., namely 3J58, 40Cr, 17-4PH and 65Mn. Through static simulation, the influence of the structure size of the elastic on the distribution of stress and strain in the patch area under different material conditions was studied. Studies have shown that under the same structural conditions, the 17-4PH elastic element has a higher sensitivity to torque. And through the analysis of the simulation results, the size range of the elastic element structure that meets the design requirements under different material conditions was obtained. It is of guiding significance for the material selection and structural size determination of 20 kNm torque sensor design.

Flexible film pressure sensors can be divided into many types according to the measurement principle. This article summarizes the appearance, range and working principle of different types of sensors. A brief introduction to the advantages and disadvantages of different sensors. Using sensors for sitting posture detection, different sensor arrangements will also have a greater impact on the detection results. According to the research status, the corresponding advantages and disadvantages are summarized.

This paper presents a low-cost and high-performance humidity sensor based on interdigitated electrodes (IDE). Compared to common IDE sensors with such substrates as silicon, ceramic, polyimide, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the proposed sensor employs printed circuit board (PCB) as the substrate, offering easy electrical connection to the readout circuit and great potential as a low-cost and highly integrated sensing platform. The IDE sensor with eight pairs of comb-like twin electrodes is designed and fabricated on a PCB by the standard PCB manufacturing process. A mixture of dielectric graphene oxide and conductive MXene has been used as the moisture sensing material due to its strong hydrophilicity and tunable conductivity. Upon functionalization by the sensing material, the IDE structure achieves the capability of converting changes in the relative humidity (RH) into resistance shifts. The resistive response of the sensor to the varying RH levels from 11% to 84% has been evaluated. The sensor exhibits a high RH sensitivity of 1.245%/%RH, and also fast response/recovery and low hysteresis.

Aiming at the problem that DV-Hop algorithm leads to large positioning error when nodes are in irregular areas, a DVHop algorithm optimized by improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA)is proposed. Firstly, the maximum hop distance error is used to correct the hop distance from the unknown node to each anchor node to reduce the estimated distance error. Secondly, Levy flight is introduced to enhance the ability of sparrow search algorithm to jump out of local optimum, and adopting Powell local search to enhanced convergence of the algorithm. Finally, the simulation results show that in irregular areas, compared with the classic DV-Hop algorithm, the positioning error of the improved algorithm is greatly reduced, and the positioning accuracy is effectively improved.

The traditional Hall current sensor has disadvantages of small measurement range, low accuracy level, narrow frequency range and slow response speed, which can no longer meet the practical engineering requirement. In order to meet the needs of similar sensors in the field of nuclear fusion, a zero-flux Hall current sensor is designed. Based on the principle and characteristics of zero magnetic flux, a digital drive circuit with PWM as the core is designed for it. After the Hall voltage is formed by the induction magnetic field of the Hall element, the compensation current of the secondary side is finally formed through the amplification circuit, the integral adjustment circuit, the PWM generation circuit, the power amplification circuit and the feedback circuit, so as to ensure that the Hall element is in the state of zero flux. The Test result shows that the current measurement range of the sensor is ± 30kA, the accuracy level is 0.5, the frequency range can reach 20kHz, and the reaction time is less than 5μs.

The film pressure, film thickness and film stiffness are important parameters in study on water-lubricated bearings, which are difficult to be accurately measured due to the limitations of bearing structure and operating environment. Meanwhile, obtaining the empirical data can reflect the real bearing characteristics, and which is great significance to the further study of bearing lubrication and friction mechanism. In traditional monitoring system on water-lubricated bearing, the size of sensor is too large, and which is difficult to be embedded inside the bearing. In addition, the sensor installation position and the interference of external signal source will affect the system, so, there are large errors in test results. In order to solve the above problems, in this paper, an embedded intelligent bearing structure is proposed, in which a thin film pressure sensor is embedded inside the bearing bush to make it closer to signal source, and the collected data can reflect the bearing running state more accurately. At the same time, due to the integration of information processing units, the online monitoring, self-diagnosis and automatic control can be realized, and the operation of bearing is more stable and smart than before. The physical model after grooving was established by two-way fluid-structure coupling method, the finite element simulation, and the analysis of bearing deformation and capacity were conducted. The results show that the bearing mechanical characteristics are affected by the grooving parameters, when the groove depth increases, the bearing stress and deformation also increases greater accordingly. The deformation of bearing bush decreases along the axial direction, and the bearing stress near the groove is larger.

With the gradual improvement of people’s security awareness, the need for intelligent video surveillance is becoming more and more urgent. As a hot spot in the field of computer vision, the recognition of abnormal human behavior has received widespread attention from the whole society. This article proposes a human action recognition algorithm by learning joints information using two-stream convolutional networks. The spatial convolutional neural network is used to describe the spatial position and appearance information of the human body in the video frame. The temporal convolutional neural network constructs a motion feature vector based on the changes in the position of the human skeleton joint points between frames to describe the human body's movement. Finally, the spatio-temporal two-stream is fused to recognize the abnormal behavior.

Space-borne One-dimensional multifrequency synthetic aperture microwave radiometer (1D-MSAMR) offers new possibilities for detecting high spatial resolution sea surface temperature (SST). To achieve simultaneous observation of multifrequency, we present a spatial resolution calculation model of 1D-MSAMR. Based on this model, the relationship between spatial resolution and antenna parameters are discussed thoroughly in this paper. In addition, we present a set of antenna parameters which can realize the simultaneous observation. The results indicate that the spatial resolution is symmetrical with the change of incidence angle, and the larger the incidence angle, the lower the spatial resolution; the spatial resolution is improved by increasing the minimum antenna spacing, increasing the maximum baseline, or increasing the operating frequency; and to achieve simultaneous observation with multiple frequencies the minimum baseline and the maximum baseline of each frequency need to be consistent. A reasonable antenna parameter scheme for 1D-MSAMR is proposed based on spatial resolution characteristics.

Topology is useful to study fault tolerance when sensors are deployed in an area randomly. With the increasing of deploying node number, there are three stages: unconnected stage, connected stage and fault tolerant stage. We propose increasing node density and magnifying communication distance to achieve the aim of increasing the minimum number of neighbor node. Increasing node density and magnifying node communication distance are two commonly used methods. We analyze and compare the two common methods and discover the number of neighbor node to follow normal distribution approximately. Theoretical analysis and experiments demonstrate the mathematical expection of the distribution of neighbor node number is linear.

Based on daily training needs of basketball players of China Basketball Association, aiming at the failure rate and misjudgment rate of the existing shooting automatic test technology, this paper adds a remote control device, which can timely correct the test results and avoid misjudgment. The practical application results show that the remote control device of the system is easy to use, improves the reliability of the original test system, and is easy to transplant, which can be widely used in other test systems.

In complex detection scenarios in machine vision, identification of the pixel object label (comprising the detection region and detection pattern information) and the pixel part label (comprising the detection part type and location information) are often essential. Subsequent analyses of the detection region and pattern information are also carried out in such cases. In this context, a method to reuse the feature map has been studied in this work. First, the utility in reusing the feature map in the fast execution of semantic segmentation at the object-level and part-level for images with complex backgrounds is discussed, which operates by striking a balance between the degree of feature reuse and corresponding segmentation accuracy. Secondly, a semantic segmentation network, based on two independent and identical encoderdecoder pairs in parallel, is proposed. In this parallel network, feature maps with identical hidden layers are merged together for reuse in order to reduce the computational complexity of associated processes, and thereby optimize segmentation time. Finally, simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed technique. The results demonstrate that the method exhibits 100% detection accuracy, and reduces the detection time by 20.3% — from 602 ms to 480 ms — when applied to chassis assembly detection. Further, the effect of segmentation time optimization on the detection process is evaluated.

In this paper, we design the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain and temperature sensors with aluminum alloy packaging. In order to evaluate and investigate the temperature characteristics of the aluminum alloy packaged FBG sensors, the bare and packaged FBG strain and temperature sensors are placed in high-low temperature test box, respectively. A detailed comparative experiment analysis on the FBG sensors under different temperatures ranging from -55℃ to 70℃ are conducted. The experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity of the aluminum alloy packaged FBG sensors are two times more than these of the bare FBG sensors, which also indicates that the aluminum alloy packaged FBG sensors have good temperature sensitivity, linearity, repeatability, and excellent temperature sensing characteristics.

With the rapid development of space transportation, the extremely limited risk aversion capability for the current air traffic management system during the operation of space vehicles has been exposed, and it is urgent to further study the comprehensive coordination of airspace and outer space. A method is proposed for analysing the probability of civil aircrafts encountering the disassembly debris of suborbital spacecraft during operation. The study is carried out with the view to avoiding risks caused by the poor security and stability of suborbital space vehicle, reducing economic losses faced by the civil aviation industry in the era of outer space commercialization, and increasing the emergency responsiveness of the air traffic management system. By this method, the localization problem of moving objects in fourdimensional space is modelled as a stochastic process, and the probability problem of random vector is transformed into an integral problem of probability density function in the circle domain for solving. The results show that this method can reduce the range of aircraft hazard area, which is considered too conservative, and improve the calculation speed, which can meet the requirements of civil aviation in real-time responses to various situations.

As the LTE-V2X function of intelligent connected vehicle plays an important role in safety warning and automatic driving, how to quantitatively and accurately evaluate the wireless communication capabilities of vehicle is the focus of intelligent connected vehicle’s evaluation. The vehicle communication capability is not only restricted by its own chip capability and antenna system gain, but also affected by the external wireless channel environment. Aiming at the communication interruption problem found in the actual road test of the LTE-V2X function in the early stage, this paper selects three typical road scenarios to collect and analyze data such as the communication distance and packet error rate. Next, channel modeling and laboratory reproduction of the collected wireless channel environment will be implemented, which is the basis of the reliable communication of intelligent connected vehicle.

This study reports a portable and economical humidity sensing platform based on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Although QCM sensors have been widely adopted for moisture sensing, the vast majority of such sensors are limited to laboratory tests due to the lack of portability. This work employed a low-cost Arduino microcontroller board and the Pierce oscillator to track the resonance frequency of the QCM sensor, which made the sensing system highly compact and portable. The efficacy of the sensing platform was validated by humidity sensing measurements. Graphene oxide (GO), MXene, and their composite (MXene/GO) were coated on the surface of three QCM sensors to provide oxygen-containing functional groups for interaction with water molecules. The humidity sensing properties of the three sensors were evaluated and compared over the RH range of 0% to 84%. All three sensors showed decent humidity sensing performance in terms of sensitivity, response/recovery time, hysteresis, and accuracy. The QCM-GO sensor exhibited the highest RH sensitivity of 38.5 Hz/%RH, shortest response/recovery time of 15 s/9 s, and lowest hysteresis, while the QCM-MXene/GO sensor revealed the lowest frequency drift of less than 0.7% in a constant RH environment over 30 minutes.

Ship pressure signal is very hard to be detected in background of heavy sea wave pressure. In order to effectively detect the pressure signal produced by ships under a low signal-to-noise ratio, this study proposed a real time sliding detection method. An auto-regression model is established to represent sea wave pressure signal and whitening filter for ship and sea wave pressure signal separation. The predicted error values are extracted as characteristic values by smoothing treatment. Experiments by using actual measured and simulation data are used to validate the method. Results show the target ship signal is detected effectively in real time, as well as low SNR simulation target ship signal.

In this paper, a planar quasistatic electric field sensor is proposed. This type of sensor is based on the dielectric nonlinearity behavior of a ferroelectric material and a pair of coplanar interdigital electrodes. The interdigital electrodes functioning as driving electrodes are machined on the surface of the ferroelectric material to form a planar inter-digital capacitor. A sensing electrode placed between adjacent driving electrodes is connected to a copper plate, which is exposed in external electric field. The copper plate operates as a charge collector and immediately transfers induced charges to the sensing electrode. The capacitor primary polarization is induced through the voltage that is applied to the driving electrodes. With the charges accumulated in the sensing electrode, the external electric field is converted into a perturbation to the primary polarization state. By connecting the sensor with a charge amplification circuit, the sensor responses to varying external electric fields are acquired. The sensor has obvious advantages for simple structure, easy signal conditioning circuit and no mechanical motion.

Remote sensing image fusion is the process of obtaining high-resolution multispectral images by fusing spectral information-rich multispectral images and spatial information-rich panchromatic images. Sparse representation has achieved good results in this field, but the sparse representation is encoded in blocks, which destroys the correlation between image blocks and thus causes the problems of spectral distortion and missing details in the fusion results. To address the above problems, a fusion algorithm combining convolutional sparse representation and morphological filter is proposed. The convolutional sparse representation can represent the whole image sparsely, which fully considers the correlation between pixels and reduces the spectral distortion of the fusion results. The morphological filter can estimate the spatial details of the image more accurately, so that more spatial detail information can be obtained in the fusion result. And the methods based on multiplicative injection is used, aiming to inject more detailed information into the fusion results. The experimental results show that the objective evaluation index of the fusion results obtained by this method is better, and the subjective visual effect is better.

The final assembly is the final and core link in the production process of the missile, and its assembly accuracy directly determines the production efficiency and quality of the product. However, the assembly of most cabins at present mainly relies on human visual inspection or with the help of measuring tools to ensure assembly accuracy, which results in poor assembly gap uniformity and low production efficiency. Aiming at the lateral assembly of small-diameter missiles, this paper proposes a method for measuring the deviation of missile assembly based on laser scanning. This method can measure the attitude deviation in the other 5 degrees of freedom except the roll angle, and finally carry out the missile assembly experiment. The experimental results show that the use of this measurement method can successfully complete the assembly of a cabin with a diameter of 160mm and a docking gap of only 0.2 mm.

The design of a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for the service performance testing of industrial robot servo systems was discussed. An offline and online workload simulation mechanism was proposed to apply in the platform. Some experimental results indicated that the workload simulation mechanism can realize the general workload output and ensure the real-time performance of the output. And the service performance testing of a 6-DOF industrial robot was provided, demonstrating the effectiveness of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform.

Aiming at realizing the precise control of pneumatic muscle (PM) driven by high-speed on/off valves, a sliding mode control (SMC) approach based on the three-element model of PM is proposed. Firstly, the dynamic model of PM is established based on the three-element model, and the dynamic property experimental apparatus of PM is established to identify parameters of the three-element model. Secondly, the trajectory tracking control scheme of PM is established based on the SMC method. Finally, the control scheme is realized by means of the MATLAB/Simulink and the simulations of trajectory tracking control of PM is implemented. The experimental results indicate that the control accuracy and property of disturbance rejection is satisfactory, which provides an effective method for the trajectory tracking control of PM actuated with the high-speed on/off valves.

In order to suppress the torque ripple of five-phase induction motor after phase fault, based on the idea of order reduction and decoupling, space transformation matrices under different faults are constructed, and new rotation transformation matrices are established. The mathematical model and simulation system of five-phase induction motor under three different phase-missing faults are established. and the effective action time carrier type pwm are adopted at the same time, so that the motor can continue to run smoothly and without disturbance in the event of a fault.

In this paper, a molecular pump unit was used to prepare a 316L stainless steel-quartz glass hybrid vacuum sealed tube with a background vacuum of 5×10^-7 Pa. Based on a quadrupole mass spectrometer, we analyzed the vacuum preparation process and the residual gas dynamic composition and content when the background vacuum limit was reached. The ultimate vacuum of the sealed tube without high-temperature baking was about 5×10^-5 Pa, and H₂O was the residual gas with the highest partial pressure ratio. By further continuous high-temperature baking, it was possible to increase the ultimate vacuum to 3.7×10^-7 Pa. At this time, the main residual gas components were H₂, H₂O, CH₄, CO₂, CO in a descending order, which was mainly released from the inner surface of the sealed tube, as well as gas attached to the filament of the mass spectrometer. The use of ion pump, sublimation pump and getter pump could further improve the background vacuum.

During the disposal of the abandoned jacket platform, all steel piles within 4 meters below the mud surface of the seabed must be removed. In the process of disposing of steel piles using the internal cutting method, it is necessary to drain the mud inside the legs. Aiming at the characteristics of driven pile foundation, the article designs a set of mud discharge device that is cleaned by water jet inside the pile leg. According to the basic design requirements of the device, the parameter design of the device is completed by using water jet and pipeline transportation theory. Using computer simulation analysis method, the influence of jet pressure and jet distance on jet effect is studied. The research results show that in a submerged environment, the flow velocity of the water jet decays very obviously, but the effective area of the jet increases with the increase of the jet distance. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the design and use of the water jet dredging device in the leg.

In the drilling engineering of underground drilling rig in coal mines, drill rods are usually loaded and unloaded manually, which has low safety and high labor intensity and restricts the development of underground drilling rigs to the direction of intelligent control. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the loading and unloading drill rods of drilling rigs in coal mines and develops the automatic device for loading and unloading drill rods. The control cores of the device are explosion-proof intelligent controller, electro-hydraulic proportional multiple directional control valve, sensors, and portable remote control. By loading drill rods in the wheeled warehouse, the mechanical arm of the device automatically grabs the drill rods from the wheeled warehouse, and places the drill rods to the fixed position of the drilling rig, and the drilling rig is operated to realize the screwing and unscrewing. The test shows that the device has the characteristics of convenient operation, safety, reliability, and provides technical support for the intellectual development of underground drilling rig in coal mines.

Aiming at the problems of vibration and noise in automobile design, a study on the use of shape memory alloys (SMA) to suppress the vibration of thin-walled car bodies is proposed. Using SMA to suppress the vibration of the thin-walled structure, an experimental model was designed, and the finite element analysis software was used to perform modal analysis on the thin-walled structure. A number of different SMA layouts were set up, and the layout of the vibration experiment was determined through simulation analysis. form. A vibration experiment test platform was designed and built. Based on the results of modal analysis, multiple sets of thin-walled structure vibration experiments were conducted under different conditions, and the change data of the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the thin-walled structure before and after the use of SMA under external excitation was obtained. . The research results show that the amplitude, speed, and acceleration of the thin-walled plate structure with SMA are reduced by about 50%-70% after the temperature load is applied; the suppression effect is positively correlated with the number of SMA wires used.

The paper is intended to overcome the disadvantages of traditional shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator, such as complex structure, the high requirements of installation position and slow response speed. Using the one-way shape memory effect of shape memory alloy wire, a biased two-way flexible actuator with external flexible support was designed. The theoretical feasibility of the design is verified by the establishment of the model and theoretical analysis of the actuator. On the basis of theoretical analysis, experimental verification was carried out, and compared with the theoretical analysis results, the driving characteristics of the actuator were obtained, and the practical feasibility of the actuator was verified.

The actual tobacco threshing and redrying process is the content of the process manufacturing system. It has the characteristics of uninterrupted operation during the operation process, which puts forward great requirements for the overall stability of the equipment. To this end, people need to ensure the integrity of the equipment management system. This article summarizes the construction of the overall framework based on previous work experience. This article discusses the specific methods of establishing a standardized production and maintenance mechanism from five aspects: establishing a complete training mechanism, establishing a daily equipment maintenance mechanism, establishing an equipment maintenance mechanism, establishing an equipment maintenance and repair knowledge base, and establishing an equipment maintenance execution system.

The fragment velocity is one of the important indexes to evaluate damage ability of fragment. When the fragment velocity is measured by comb target, there exists the problem of serious velocity attenuation after the fragment break through the target. It results the measured fragment velocity to be smaller. For the method of fragment velocity measurement based on comb target, on the premise that the material and shape of the fragment and the comb target are unchanged, a computational model of residual velocity for the fragment vertically break through a comb target is established.According to the model, the factors causing velocity attenuation of the fragment during penetration are divided into four types: comb target thickness, fragment incident velocity, size and incidence angle. The finite element simulation method is adopted to establish the simulation model of fragment breaking through the comb target. The difference between the simulation results and the experimental results, and the difference between the theoretical calculation results and the experimental results are compared and analyzed. The comparison results verify the reliability of the finite element simulation model, simulation results and theoretical calculation results. The normalization method and multiple linear regression method are adopted to process the simulation data.The quantitative mathematical relationship between the velocity attenuation and four kinds of factors is established. The relations shows that the larger the comb target thickness and the fragment incident velocity, the smaller the fragment size, and the larger incidence angle, the more obvious velocity attenuation of the fragment through the target will be. The research result provides a reference for the design of comb target.

Discuss the existing problems of the traditional method of calculating recoil resistance of large caliber artillery by measuring recoil displacement and pressure in the working chamber of the recoil brake. Through the analysis of the recoil movement process, a recoil resistance test model is established, and a convenient recoil resistance test method based on recoil acceleration is proposed. The simulation result shows that the proposed recoil resistance test method is feasible. A comparative verification test is designed, and two recoil resistance test methods are used to simultaneously measure the recoil resistance curve under the same firing state. The live ammunition experiment shows that the maximum relative deviation of the maximum recoil resistance obtained by the two methods is only 6.6%, and the proposed test method is easy to implement and low cost, which satisfies the needs of the firing scene to quickly evaluate the maximum recoil resistance.

Current research reveal many problems in the process of mechanical fault diagnosis of high-voltage circuit breakers (HVCBs). One of the problems concerns the vibration signals of HVCBs involving a wide range and large amplitude. This makes it difficult to monitor. A single vibration signal is seriously affected by the position. And it is easy to saturate and top off, which can’t fully display the mechanical fault information of HVCBs.Therefore, this paper collects vibration and sound signals for the typical five working conditions of the HVCBs, and proposes an EEMD-energy entropy feature extraction method, then uses the KNN algorithm to diagnose the five working conditions. Compared with the diagnosis results under a single vibration signal and a single sound signal, the superiority of the vibration-sound signal combined analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed feature extraction method areverified, which provides a new idea for the study of mechanical fault diagnosis of HVCBs.

The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish indicates that another endemic species of the Yangtze River has disappeared in China. As a species that has existed since the Cretaceous period, its disappearance must be taken seriously as an ecological and environmental problem. However, in fact, people don’t bother to understand the status of such ecological environment, only passively taking emergency measures when the situation becomes worse. Therefore, an interactive device is designed to realize the interaction between the public and the device where Processing and Arduino are adopted to enhance the immersion experience of the public in the device, with a view to triggering their thought and reflection, drawing their early attention to ecological and environmental issues, and taking preparatory measures.

The performance of a modular robot joint is determined by its structure and control algorithm, which is difficult to be determined by theoretical analysis. Therefore, the hardware and software of a robot joint performance test system are designed in the paper. Firstly, the hardware system consists of a mechanical device, sensors, and a data acquisition module. Secondly, the software system is developed based on the LabVIEW programming platform, which mainly includes a performance evaluation module and a human-computer interaction module. The performance of the robot joint such as output rated speed, output rated torque, output speed-torque characteristic curve, repeated positioning accuracy, back clearance, torsional stiffness, and transmission ratio can be tested. Finally, the function and feasibility of the system are verified by experiments, which can meet the requirements of modular joint performance testing.

This paper measures the feasibility of 5G transmitter applications in capsule endoscopy, containing size compatibility, power consumption, and signal quality check. Using Computer Simulation Technology's Microwave Studio for path loss simulation, it comes out that in four main 5G ranges(600-900 MHz, 2400-2500MHz, 3300-3700MHz, and 4400-4700MHz) are all feasible at esophagus and most of stomach and small in-testine, while the rest two ranges are capable in the whole digestive system check. Later, the author compared the 5G transmitter with a traditional transmitter in capsule endoscopy and nds advantages in transmission speed, high signal-noise ratio, and new transmission pattern.

In order to obtain accurate diameter parameters when measuring cylindrical thread by machine vision, it is necessary to calibrate the measuring coordinate system of acquired thread image. Firstly, the principle, model of thread image rotation correction is established. Secondly, the relationship between the deflection Angle of the thread image and the measurement result of the middle diameter of the thread is obtained by theoretical pushover. An algorithm flow of image rotation correction is proposed. At last, the thread plug gauge is taken as the experimental object to carry out the comparative test. The experimental data show that the proposed algorithm can realize the correction of thread image, the measurement data fluctuated in a small range, and the measured diameter variance of thread is reduced by 77.1% compared with the traditional correction algorithm. It is shown that the proposed correction algorithm can accurately and efficiently measure the parameters of skew thread images.

The identification of the working stage is of great significance in the study of energy saving of excavators. In this paper, computer vision is introduced into the excavator's work cycle stage recognition, and the YoloV2 algorithm is used to establish a deep vision target detector to locate and classify these three characteristic parts (bucket, the arm joint and the body). In order to solve the problem of visual misjudgment, this paper proposes a method that comprehensively considers pump pressure information and visual information. Combining the general action sequence of the excavator under normal operation, a state machine is established. All working stages are set to states, and transition conditions are set according to pressure and visual information to realize state switching. This method has been applied in the working process of a certain model of excavator, and the various working stages can be correctly judged according to the operating results.

More and more attention has been paid to the protection of cultural relics. However, many cultural relics are damaged to varying degrees due to improper exhibition environment. The factors causing the damage are relatively complex, which are generally completed by the synergy of temperature and humidity, particulate matter, acid air, atmospheric microorganisms and other related factors. In this paper, the microenvironment of museum display cabinet is regarded as the main task of cultural relic protection technology research. A kind of Microenvironment Control System of cultural relic display cabinet is designed, which can control the humidity of the microenvironment in the display cabinet in real time, and can also remove harmful gases and microorganisms for the microenvironment in the display cabinet to purify the microenvironment in the display cabinet, With the help of the gas distribution device, the system can control the humidity of the micro environment of several display cabinets or even the whole museum by a constant humidity machine, and solve the problem of gas pollution in the display cabinet by controlling the air purification device.

Aiming at the requirements for the live detection of anti-vibration hammer appearance and the internal of the junction tube and the tension clamp, which belong to the quad bundle conductor and the twin bundle conductor, this paper studies the overall plan of the inspection robot structure, designs the mechanical structure of the robot, analyzes the robot’s kinematics capability and establishes its kinematics equation. The motion planning of the robot's obstacle-crossing and detection is completed. The robot can cross obstacles such as anti-vibration hammers, spacers, junction tubes, etc., and can detect targets on quad bundle conductor and twin bundle conductor.

In this paper, the AI thermometers and two examples of them were introduced. This paper illustrated its superiority coordinating prevention and control of coronavirus pandemic. Also, the author analyzed the limits of AI thermometers had shown, the unstable accuracy and privacy concerns, and people’s attitudes toward it, with the help of online questionnaire filled out by 162 people from different ages and interviews with 10 people in person. According to the research results, most people in favor of this high-tech methods. And finally, the author stated the solutions of limits and prospects of AI thermometers during pandemic or even after pandemic.

In view of the current demand of multi-component gas detection, we develop a multi-component gas detection device base on embedded system. The gas detection module is designed base on TDLAS laser gas detection technology, VCSEL laser and wavelength modulation technology (WMS). VCSEL laser has its advantages of low working current, small volume and high integration, which can effectively reduce the volume and working current of the detection module and improve the integration. WMS can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the detection module, and enhance the system performance. For data processing, a program is designed by using iMX6 and embedded Linux system, which is used for data processing and result calculation of multi-component gas detection. It can reduce the design complexity of the detection module and improving the applicability of detection module.

In order to solve the problem of dynamic electromagnetic force instability of non-contact electromagnetic loading device, an on-line monitoring and control system was designed and developed to provide the accurate load for experimental study of water-lubricated bearing. Firstly, the electromagnetic loading device and water-lubricated bearing test rig, as well as monitoring and control system are introduced. Secondly, the finite element simulation method was used to model and analyze the electromagnetic loading device, and the distribution map of magnetic induction intensity under different currents and speeds was obtained. Finally, the designed monitoring and control system was applied to actual test, and the test and simulation results are compared and analyzed. The analyzing results show that when the current is less than 2 A, the maximum error between the simulation value and the experimental value is only 3.7%, and the system is to be verified stably and reliably.

Flexible electronic printing method is an emerging state-of-art manufacturing technology with the merits of high-efficient and low-cost. In this work we described a total solution processable and printable graphene field effect transistor by using the liquid phase exfoliated graphene (LEG), the soaking method to coat the graphene film on the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films, as well as the interdigital electrodes, named as LEG-FET. Firstly, the graphene material was prepared by the liquid-phase exfoliation, then it was used to fabricate the interdigital LEG-FETs on the flexible PET films. The electronic features of the as-prepared devices were carefully examined.

In this paper, a TDLAS laser gas detection system is developed for CH₄ gas. VCSEL laser is used as the core light source in this system, which has the advantages of small volume and low power. In this paper, TDLAS gas detection theory and TDLAS gas detection technology are introduced in detail, focusing on the laser driver circuit. The experimental results show that the system is suitable for the measurement of methane concentration in the range of 90ppm-600ppm, and the error is less than 10%. The minimum detection limit is 90ppm. The system has high stability and accurate measurement results.

With the development of energy conservation and emission reduction, electric heater in-stead of boiler heating or air conditioning has become a more green choice. Based on electric heater control technology and combined with power line carrier communication technology, this paper studies and designs an electric heater control system. The system realizes the reliable communication of "zero wiring" among electric heater, gateway and server, greatly improves the expansibility and engineering convenience of electric heater control system, and reduces the engineering cost. Comparison between State Grid PLC and G3-PLC has been made via experiment, results show that the State Grid PLC has a better performance in the workspace electric heater controlling scenario.

As the key measuring component of the 3D thread measuring machine, the contact probe is required to have high measurement accuracy and fast scanning speed. Therefore, a parallel reed scanning probe is proposed. The structure of the probe is determined by finite element simulation. The natural frequency simulation determines the best measuring rod length. The structure of the probe is verified by measuring the thread gauge. The experimental results show that the standard deviation of the thread gauge measurement is about 1μm. This structural optimization scheme provides an important theoretical basis for the design of the probe.

Torsion beam is a kind of automobile suspension system. At present, bench experiment is a widely used method to predict the fatigue torsion life of torsion beam in the research and development process of torsion beam, so the accuracy of experiment results is particularly important. According to the actual load condition of torsion beam, this paper builds the corresponding experiment bench, and analyzes the key technologies in the process of bench experiment and adjustment. The experiment results show that the application of the key technology can restore the entry point, force direction and load of the vehicle in the real driving process.

On the basis of the Italian B512 towing device, the torpedo launching device was redesigned, and the internal ballistic model of the torpedo launching was established, including the gas state model of the launching cylinder, the mathematical model of the launch valve, the mathematical model of the gas cylinder, and the towing device. Mathematical model and torpedo motion model. Finally, the launch process simulation was carried out, and the influence of the initial inflation pressure of the launching cylinder and the elasticity of the steel cable on the internal ballistics of the torpedo was analyzed. The simulation results show that the scheme meets the requirements of torpedo launching and is feasible in principle.

With the development of industrial manufacturing, its measuring means and measuring equipment are emerging in an endless stream. Typical measuring equipment CMM and joint arm coordinate measurement are typical contact measurement, handheld laser scanner and ground laser scanner as a new non-contact measurement means are being used constantly. In this paper, the paper introduces the multiple uses of geometric measuring equipment by using four cases, namely, standard ball of CMM, measuring fixture of joint arm CMM, scanning fixture of handheld scanner and scanning power plant with ground laser scanner.

Superconducting coil is the core component of the SFCL(superconducting fault current limiter), and its winding process determines the reliability and stability of the SFCL. At the same time, the inductance of superconducting coil directly affects the response speed of the SFCL to cut off fault current. Combining with the practical engineering constraints, this paper takes a single coil of 25-meter tape as prototype to wind the superconducting coil without inductance. The traditional insulating tape structure is improved to be sawtooth type, which effectively avoids the up-and-down sliding phenomenon in the winding and testing of the tape and realizes the protection of the tape. Then, with the help of finite element simulation software, a simulation model is established to simulate the inductance of the wound superconducting coil. Finally, the step method is used to verify the inductance of the superconducting tape coil. The test results are in good agreement with the simulation results, which verifies the rationality of the simulation model hypothesis and the accuracy of the simulation results, and has certain guiding significance for the subsequent non-inductive design and simulation analysis of multi-coil superconducting coils.

Based on the data provided by Sinopec Tianjin LNG Co., Ltd., a similation model for liquid flow in LNG tanks was established. A 1:1 three-dimensional geometric model was built through Geometry component. Adaptive grids were constucted using Mesh component. The number of grids for liquid outlet and inlet was increased. Model conditions, physical parameters, boundary conditions, and solution conditions were set through Fluent, and calculations were carried out. The results were post-processed through the Results component, and were analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the model. Focusing on the density measurement, a series of experiments were designed by dividing different working conditions, such as standing, single inlet, single outlet, and compound situations. According to the experimental results, we found that a six-order function can be used to fit the density distribution under different working conditions. The results showed that the employed density measurement technique by Sinopec Tianjin LNG Co., Ltd. meets industrial requirements.

Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) are used in a range of industries because of their excellent mechanical properties and light weight. Drilling with twist drills is the most frequent machining operation to connect FRP parts with other structural components and the level of drilling thrust force is a key factor which influences the final quality of hole-making. Hence This article presents a mechanistic model to predict the thrust force during drilling FRPs under different drilling parameters. This model is established based on the geometry of the drill bit and orthogonal FRP composite cutting, and the thrust forces created by both the chisel edge and main cutting lips can be calculated separately. The results were validated by the experimental data and the differences were all within 5% intervals, showing that this model can be used for drilling thrust force prediction satisfactorily.

At present, it is difficult for the aquaculture industry to monitor and manage water quality. In view of this situation, this paper put forward a NB-IoT-based unmanned surface vehicle system for water quality monitoring of aquaculture pond. In the design, double STM32 was taken as micro controller unit (MCU) module, and relative water quality parameters were collected by the sensors of pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and so on; the integrated navigation function was achieved through collaboration of digital compass, BD-GPS positioning module, and IMU; two-way communication of NB-IoT module and OneNET cloud platform was used for achievement of data reporting and control instruction issuing. The experimental results indicate that it takes 5 min on average to patrol 9 target points of a one-hectare pond by using PC and mobile phone for observing water quality and motion information and issuing control instruction to adjust water quality and control unmanned surface vehicle in real time.

This paper proposes a mechanism for estimating and correcting fitness posture based on deep learning. First, use the Convolutional Pose Machine (CPM) to estimate the human body posture from the collected human motion images. Then 14 key bone points of the human body can be obtained after correction, and the pixel positions of these 14 bone points are used as the criterion for judging the motion posture. Subsequently, citing the Pearson correlation coefficient as a correlation basis, compared Pearson correlation coefficients of each area of the standard posture with the posture to be measured, then get the weighted sum of the comparison results of each area which is used as a criterion for judging whether the human body posture is standard. Experimental results show that this mechanism has the accuracy of high degree.

In this paper, based on the automatic detection of robot, a three-claw positioning structure is designed by using threepoint positioning technology. It can accurately locate the center position of the long and thick wall tubular equipment. According to the principle of three-point positioning technology, a kind of inner diameter measuring structure of long and thick wall tubular equipment is designed, so as to realize the accurate positioning and accurate measurement of long and thick wall tubular equipment.

Cascading of all-process Planning Sheets has been the technical challenge for aviation manufacturing enterprises. By analyzing the technical processes of manufacturing, this article studies the methodologies for Planning Sheet cascading, and dissects the advantages and disadvantages of various cascading methods and concludes an optimal cascading plan which can be referenced for manufacturing enterprises in their all-process Planning-Sheet management.

Compared with traditional distributed feedback (DFB) lasers, Vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) have the advantages of low power consumption and small volume in the application of TDLAS (Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy). In this work, a trace CO (carbon monoxide) gas detection system is made based on a VCSEL laser. We first studied the laser spectrum theory of CO, and then select the near-infrared a bsorption peak of 1568 nm as a CO characteristic absorption peak. We also made a digital lock-in amplifier (DLIA) based on FPGA which uses digital square wave instead of the traditional sine wave as reference sources. This reduces the system complexity and improves the system stability. In trace gas detection, the detection limit of the system is 88ppm and detection precision is 3%.

In order to solve the problems of inconvenient data acquisition and low reliability when data acquisition Instrument are applied in the urban area, a new design of data acquisition instrument based on 5G technology and local storage is introduced in this paper. The instrument is designed to work in two power supply mode-external and internal power supply. Working in external power supply mode, data can be transmitted and backed up in real time; Working in internal power supply mode, data is transmitted in a set time period to realize low power operation. All the data can be saved in the event of a data error or loss by extracting data held by a local storage device.

In order to meet the agronomic requirements of Caragana korshinskii for keeping stubble at a certain height after cutting it. This paper analyzes the color characteristics of Caragana korshinskii and withered grass, green grass, sky, twigs and other background noises in different color spaces. It is determined that the RGB color model with a large difference between the characteristic values of Caragana korshinskii and the background is used to process the image. The image is grayed by extracting the R-value component and G-value component that have a large difference between the characteristic values of Caragana korshinskii and the background noise, and the image is also grayed by the weighted average method. By comparison, it is determined that the graying method of extracting G value component with better segmentation effect should be adopted. The use of histogram equalization makes the image gray level evenly distributed, reducing the influence of light on the brightness of the image. The optimal threshold for image binarization is determined, and the median filter is used to eliminate salt and pepper noise. Corrosion, removal of small areas, expansion and other operations are performed on the image, and the twigs and hollows on the main stem are eliminated and filled. Using the least square method and using the polyfit function, the repair and fitting of the main stems of Caragana korshinskii are realized. Threshold segmentation algorithm was used to identify the main stem of Caragana korshinskii, and the average recognition rate was 80.97%.

The traditional soil equivalent circuit model is simply combined by a capacitor and resistor in parallel. But this model doesn't work out in a wide frequency range and a lot of electrical properties of soil cannot be reflected by this model. So it is valuable to develop a new soil equivalent circuit model that has actual physical meaning to carry out quantitative analysis on soil properties and to predict soil electrical behaviors over a wide frequency range. In this paper, a novel soil equivalent two-phase circuit model is proposed, and then the impedance characteristics of soil are measured and studied. The variation trend of the measured soil impedance spectroscopy curve is consistent with the impedance characteristics of the equivalent circuit model, so it can be considered that the soil equivalent two-phase circuit model proposed in this paper is rational. The frequency range below 10MHz is determined as the suitable measurement signal frequency range to measure the soil resistivity, and 1MHz was taken as the measurement frequency to calculate the corresponding relationship between the soil resistivity and the soil water content. As a result, the measurement of soil moisture can be implemented indirectly by measuring the soil resistivity. This method requires simple measuring equipment and low cost, so that it can be used as a rapid measurement method of soil moisture content, which has a broad application prospect.

A multi-dimensional heterogeneous framework of virtual-reality fusion network was constructed according to the technical features of 5G smart iot, and its network effect, extending from quadratic relation to higher order relation, was estimated with Metcalfe law. And the explosion degree of network effect was classified from the explosion of network nodes, sensor nodes and network dimensions. The research results emphasized the heterogeneous effects of virtual-reality fusion network, would servicing the establishment of a new network economy theory in the era of virtual-reality fusion.

A multi-parameter measurement system applied to a small ocean exploration platform is designed. The platform is placed on a large scientific research equipment to provide integrated multiple data measurement and monitoring. The measurement system can simultaneously complete multi-parameter measurement and monitoring of temperature, salinity, conductivity, depth, etc., and complete data storage. The system has the advantages of small size, simple operation, simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters, etc., which can meet mobile measurement requirements. At the same time, the system can also realize networked data transmission and analysis, forming real-time networked monitoring in multiple places, which has certain application prospects.

This paper designs a TDLAS CO₂ gas detection system based on STM32H750. The system uses VCSEL laser as the core light source, and realizes the high precision and high sensitivity detection of CO₂ gas by combining hardware and software. The temperature control system developed in this paper can control the system temperature accurately, controlling the output wavelength of the laser and stabilizing the spectral line coefficient of the gas absorption line effectively. The accuracy and stability of the gas detection system are improved significantly.

The principle of fluxgate sensor has been developed for decades. The traditional fluxgate detection method has been studied to a more mature stage, and it is difficult to break through due to the limitation of working principle. In this paper, the transformer effect and fluxgate effect of fluxgate probe are first analyzed mathematically, and then the traditional even harmonic detection method represented by phase sensitive demodulation and peak difference demodulation is introduced. At the same time, the research hotspots in recent years such as time difference method and self-oscillation method are expounded. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are compared in principle, and the future development direction of fluxgate principle sensor is further pointed out.

A pattern recognition model is proposed based on bispectrum and convolutional neural network (CNN) to detect engine faults in multiple working conditions end-to-end. The vibration signal collected from the engine directly contains much noise, making it challenging to extract deep information. Bispectrum is employed to transform the one-dimensional timedependent vibration signal into a two-dimensional time-frequency matrix. For efficiency, the bispectrum matrix size is optimized by interpolation. Four interpolation kernels are analyzed to hold more information, in which the triangle kernel shows the best performance. The batch normalization (BN) is introduced to optimize the over-fitting in the CNN with a small and complex dataset. Based on that, five CNN models with different structures are designed, in which the influences of layer number, channels, kernel size, and padding on recognition rate are analyzed synthetically. The best model with a recognition rate of 97.65% is obtained. The method researched in this paper could benefit the engineering application of deep learning in engine faults detection.

The article specifies the network architecture, working mode, application layer, network layer, MAC layer, and physical layer protocol specifications of the 230MHz local communication network. The overall network architecture is a relay cellular network architecture. The application layer specifies the control of nodes joining and exiting. The physical layer specifies resource allocation, channel usage, frame structure. MAC layer specifies the channel access protocol specification. The network layer specifies routing mechanisms.

We developed a prototype of Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) thermal sensor system and deployed it in a real-time radial thermal profiling of electric machine (EM) copper windings. Two EM duty type regimes were simulated using an experimental EM motorette framework. The thermal tests were performed using an experimental setup consisting of an FBG interrogator, FBG temperature sensors, a motorette frame with embedded windings, and a power supply. We constructed a lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) model of the motorette and used it for the analysis of FBG measurement and compared them with the model results for performance validation. The comparison of experimental FBG measurements with the LPTN model results show a good agreement - all results were within the range of expected experimental error. The results suggest that our FBG sensor system can be used for thermal monitoring of multiple duty types of EM windings. The system achieved sensing spatial resolution of 8 mm, the maximum sensing frequency of 1kHz, and stable linear temperature sensitivity of 0.091 °C/pm.

Magnetic field immunity test platform is essential to qualify the reliable operation of electrical and electronic devices under strong magnetic field environment, and size of the homogenous zone, minimum field strength and field non-uniformity are the key parameters of the platform. In order to verify the validity of the platform and calibrate it, magnetic field distribution in the test zone should be accurately measured to obtain these key parameters. In this paper, a magnetic field measurement system based on Hall array is designed to measure the magnetic field distribution of a magnetic field immunity test platform. The detailed design of the measurement system is presented in this paper, including the design and calibration of the magnetic field measurement probe and the design of the Hall array and its multi-channel signal acquisition system. Experimental test is also conducted to measure the field distribution of a 0.3m/200mT test platform, which verified the effectiveness of the measurement system and calibrated the platform.

In order to improve clock synchronization and data synchronization among distributed measuring devices, a distributed synchronous acquisition system based on IEEE 1588 is designed in this paper. Firstly, the precision time protocol stack (PTPD) was transplanted to STM32 platform, and the clock synchronization of master and slave devices was realized by combining real-time operating system and LwIP stack. Then, the acquisition trigger based on time synchronization is realized. Finally, the data is uploaded for analysis through Ethernet. Experimental results show that the system can realize clock synchronization among distributed acquisition devices and improve data synchronization.

Road users classification plays an important role in the transportation management. With lower price of LiDAR, road user classification based on roadside Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data has been a new approach in the transportation field. It is also essential for other intelligent transportation technology. In this paper, a method developed for road user classifications was proposed with roadside LiDAR data. The proposed method can be divided into four parts: background filtering, point clustering, feature selection, and road user classification. Five features of road users were selected based on the characteristic of road users’ point clouds. A comprehensive database was established and the classification performance of five machine learning methods including random forest, support vector machine, Probabilistic neural network, back propagation neural network, and AdaBoost were evaluated by F1score and F1macro. The results presented that AdaBoost had the best classification performance than others (The value of F₁macro was 0.642).

With the rapid development of contemporary science and technology, the requirements for non-contact precision measurement technology for many industrial equipment are getting higher and higher, and the application of optical threedimensional measurement in industrial manufacturing is becoming more and more extensive. Among various optical threedimensional measurement methods, the grating projection three-dimensional measurement method has the advantages of high accuracy and easy control. This paper summarizes the current research status in the field of raster projection, and compares and analyzes the difficulties and research directions of this technology.

Because of the special internal environment of the aircraft, the damage of the cable insulation layer is unavoidable, which may cause significant economic losses, and even seriously threaten the lives and safety of the crew. At present, aircraft cable fault detection methods cannot effectively monitor the status of aircraft cable insulation layer online, so the need to improve the cable detection methods is increasingly urgent. In this paper, a defect detection system of aircraft cable insulation layer based on ultrasonic guided waves is established. The system can detect the defect of cable insulation layer on line and offer early warning to reduce the operation and maintenance cost of aircraft, which has important economic and social significance. The experiment shows that the system can detect the defects of the insulation layer of the aircraft cable. By collecting the signals of four types of defects of the aircraft cable, the influence of the defect type and the defect size on the propagation process of the ultrasonic guided waves on the insulation layer of the aircraft cable is analyzed.

Line aging or equipment aging will affect the stable operation of low voltage distribution lines, but the aging of lines and equipment is often difficult to monitor. Based on the existing technology, this paper proposes an online impedance detection method, and predicts the aging degree of line or equipment by online monitoring technology. The line impedance of low voltage distribution system is monitored online of the data measured by smart meter. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed method is verified by the actual power grid model, which is of great significance to the stable operation of the power system.