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The rapid development of life science has brought forward many new bio-analysis topics, such as the rapid and ultrasensitive detection and analysis of peptides, nucleic acids, proteins and bioactive substances. The biosensor is a new type of biological analysis and detection technology. Compared with traditional detection techniques, biosensors have high selectivity, fast speed of analysis, simple operation and cheap instruments, which could be put online or analyzed inner object. It has been sung high praise for appraised and the proliferation of biological analysis. Nanomaterials have important application value in improving biosensor performance due to their unique characteristics such as size effect, quantum effect, surface effect and interface effect. It has become a research hotspot for biological analysis. An electrochemical aptamer sensor based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was constructed to examine platelet-derived growth factor PDGF-BB. Electrochemical immunoassay is an analytical technique developed by combining electrochemical technology with immunology, which has competitive high selectivity, highly efficient detection and simplicity of operator. Very suitable for the diagnosis of cancer disease. Electrochemical immunoassay can overcome the shortcomings of radioimmunoassay, immunosensor detection methods, short half-life of radioactive substances and health hazards. Among them, nanoparticle labeling and improved immobilization methods become two methods to increase the sensitivity of electrochemical DNA biosensors. Gene detection ways of electrochemistry such as nanoparticle labeling, carbon nanotube modified electrode, nanoparticle modified electrode and magnetic nanoparticle separation were also proposed. Applying magnetic nanoparticles to a wider range of DNA analysis systems.
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