Distributed measurement of modal birefringence in a few-mode fiber based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

E. Catalano; R. Vallifuoco; L. Zeni; A. Minardo

doi:10.1117/12.2678089

23 May 2023 Distributed measurement of modal birefringence in a few-mode fiber based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

E. Catalano, R. Vallifuoco, L. Zeni, A. Minardo

Proceedings Volume 12643, European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors (EWOFS 2023); 126432C (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2678089
Event: European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors (EWOFS 2023), 2023, Mons, Belgium

Abstract

This paper presents a novel technique for the distributed measurement of the modal birefringence in a few-mode fiber (FMF). The method exploits two different phenomena observed in distributed Brillouin measurements: the dependence of the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) on the effective refractive index (ERI) of the interacting optical beams, and the spatial oscillations of the Brillouin gain deriving from multimodal interference. Using both phenomena, a wide range of ERI separations can be measured, from ≈ 10^-7 to 10^-2or more. The measurements have been carried out over a two-mode graded-index FMF, using two photonic lanterns to selectively excite the desired spatial modes. We use the BFS measurements to derive the ERI difference between the LP01 and LP11 mode groups, while the spatial oscillations of the Brillouin gain reveal the birefringence between the vector components (TE₀₁, TM₀₁ and HE₂₁) of the LP₁₁ mode group. The experimental measurements are partly supported by full-vector finite-element-method (FEM) simulations. The reported method may also find application in the field of distributed sensing, by taking advantage of the dependence of modal birefringence from physical parameters such as strain and temperature.

Citation Download Citation

E. Catalano, R. Vallifuoco, L. Zeni, and A. Minardo "Distributed measurement of modal birefringence in a few-mode fiber based on stimulated Brillouin scattering", Proc. SPIE 12643, European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors (EWOFS 2023), 126432C (23 May 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2678089

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