Photonic crystals are widely used to control the electromagnetic radiation using local field enhancement properties and photonic bandgap properties allowing for significantly increasing efficiency of nonlinear optical interactions of various types. In our experimental study, we investigated excitation and emission of electromagnetic radiation in synthetic opal matrices. A long afterglow of the samples in the anti-Stokes region of the spectrum, reaching several seconds, was detected. The generation of directed X-ray radiation in the samples was discovered, its temperature and energy thresholds were determined, and the possible physical mechanisms explaining the phenomena observed were explored. The threshold for the occurrence of stimulated low-frequency Raman scattering was on the order of 0.01 GW/cm2 and was determined by the morphology of the sample used. All experiments were carried out in a vacuum, with various liquids such as ethanol, acetone, water and others being used as infiltrates. After using high-speed photography of the electromagnetic glow dynamics of the sample in the optical range, wave-like gigahertz fluctuations in the glow intensity that may be an indication of the relaxational nature of radiation generation in the gigahertz range, were observed.
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