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In three barium releases made over the Caribbean during the summer of 1991, some peculiarities of the ion cloud dynamics and structure were observed with a low light level TV imager operated onboard a Russian research vessel. The two clouds were observed near the release region during the twilight following the initial release. One of the releases was made during evening twilight and the ion cloud reappeared the following morning. The other was a morning release and the late-time observations were made the next evening. The third ion cloud had unusual wave-like deformation of ion sheet surface. The wave structure of ion sheet surface was observed during 30 minutes. The potential long lifetime for more than 10 hours and small-scale deformations of the ion clouds will allow checks of ionospheric convection models and studies of ionosphere E-fields structure.
Milinevsky P. Gennadi,A. M. Evtushevsky,S. N. Zaitsev,H. C. Stenbaek-Nielsen, andA. I. Kashirin
"Ion clouds in CRRES Caribbean barium releases campaign as tracers of ionosphere processes", Proc. SPIE 2050, Airglow and Aurora, (23 November 1993); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.164824
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Milinevsky P. Gennadi, A. M. Evtushevsky, S. N. Zaitsev, H. C. Stenbaek-Nielsen, A. I. Kashirin, "Ion clouds in CRRES Caribbean barium releases campaign as tracers of ionosphere processes," Proc. SPIE 2050, Airglow and Aurora, (23 November 1993); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.164824