Focusing coherent x-rays with refractive optics

Richard H. Pantell; Joseph Feinstein; H. Raul Beguiristain; Melvin A. Piestrup; Charles K. Gary; J. Theodore Cremer

doi:10.1117/12.413686

25 January 2001 Focusing coherent x-rays with refractive optics

Richard H. Pantell, Joseph Feinstein, H. Raul Beguiristain, Melvin A. Piestrup, Charles K. Gary, J. Theodore Cremer

Proceedings Volume 4143, X-Ray FEL Optics and Instrumentation; (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.413686
Event: International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, 2000, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

Refractive lenses have been used successfully to focus incoherent x-ray emission in the wavelength range from 2 to .5A with focal lengths on the order of one meter. A stack of N lens elements is employed to reduce the focal length by the factor N over a single element, and such a lens is terms a Compound Refractive Lens (CRL). Contrary to intuition, misalignment of parabolic lens elements doesn't alter the focusing properties and results in only a small reduction in transmission. Coherent x-ray sources are being developed with wavelengths of 1-1.5A and source diameters of 50- 80micrometers , and the CRL is ideally suited to produce a small, intense image. Chromatic aberration increase the size of the image and so it is important to provide chromatic correction to minimize the image dimensions. Pulse broadening due to the dispersion of the lens material is negligible. Intensity gain is in the range from 10⁵ to 10+$6), where gain is defined as the intensity ratio in an image plane with and without the lens in place. Maximum image intensity is obtained when the CRL is placed a distance of 100 to 200 m from the source, and the typical diameter of the focused spot is about one micron.

Citation Download Citation

Richard H. Pantell, Joseph Feinstein, H. Raul Beguiristain, Melvin A. Piestrup, Charles K. Gary, and J. Theodore Cremer "Focusing coherent x-rays with refractive optics", Proc. SPIE 4143, X-Ray FEL Optics and Instrumentation, (25 January 2001); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.413686

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KEYWORDS

X-ray optics

X-rays

Beryllium

Chromatic aberrations

Lenses

Chemical elements

Liquid crystal lasers

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