Multiplexed avalanche photodiode arrays for radiation imaging

Mitchell L. Woodring; Richard Farrell; James F. Christian; Alex I. Kogan; Michael R. Squillante; Gerald Entine; David K. Wehe

doi:10.1117/12.455977

10 January 2003 Multiplexed avalanche photodiode arrays for radiation imaging

Mitchell L. Woodring, Richard Farrell, James F. Christian, Alex I. Kogan, Michael R. Squillante, Gerald Entine, David K. Wehe

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 4784, X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors and Applications IV; (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.455977
Event: International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, 2002, Seattle, WA, United States

Abstract

Development of monolithic arrays of multiplexed, high-gain avalanche photodiodes suitable for use in a spectroscopic radiation-imaging device is underway at RMD. To dramatically reduce the electronics required to support a large array of discrete pixels, we have utilized a unique property of avalanche photodiodes and the method in which they are produced to develop a relatively simple readout scheme using row-column addressing. By adding a step to the avalanche photodiode creation, it is possible to place two, separate diode contacts onto the back of each photodiode in the array. These isolation diodes allow the readout of an entire row or column of photodiodes through a common readout line. A data-decoding matrix uniquely determines the position in the array while simultaneously supporting the goal of reducing the number of signal readout lines and support electronics. This approach reduces the number of pre-amplifiers, pulse-shaping circuits, and sample-and-hold stages from n² to 2n (n pixels on a side) per array. Recent research has been carried out with 14 × 14 pixel, planar-processed avalanche photodiode array having pixels 2.00 mm on a side with 2.25-mm pitch. These arrays will be paneled to form the photodetector of a radiation imager of approximately 100-cm² photosensitive area. To reduce the contribution of noise from each pixel to the common readout lines, research is being carried out to develop a discriminator with an adjustable threshold for each avalanche photodiode readout connection. Initial performance results from multiplexed arrays, a discussion of the active discrimination contacts, and the current status of the imager research project are given.

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Mitchell L. Woodring, Richard Farrell, James F. Christian, Alex I. Kogan, Michael R. Squillante, Gerald Entine, and David K. Wehe "Multiplexed avalanche photodiode arrays for radiation imaging", Proc. SPIE 4784, X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors and Applications IV, (10 January 2003); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.455977

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KEYWORDS

Avalanche photodetectors

Sensors

Diodes

Avalanche photodiodes

Field effect transistors

Electronics

Imaging systems

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