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1 July 2004 Partial ablation of stratum corneum by UV (193-nm) or IR (2.94-μm) pulsed lasers to enhance transdermal drug delivery rate
Ai Fujiwara, Toshihiro Hinokitani, Kenichi Goto, Tsunenori Arai
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Proceedings Volume 5319, Laser Interaction with Tissue and Cells XV; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.528978
Event: Biomedical Optics 2004, 2004, San Jose, CA, United States
Abstract
To develop the noninvasive transdermal drug delivery system, pulsed lasers (argon-fluoride excimer laser (ArF laser) and erbium:yittrium aluminum garnet laser (Er:YAG laser)) were used to partially ablate the stratum corneum (SC), the upper layer of the skin. Because of the barrier function of the SC to drug permeation, the number of drugs especially macromolecules used in transdermal drug delivery system without skin irritation has been limited. Ultrastructural changes on the SC surface of ablated Yucatan micropig skin in vitro were observed with Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope. The result indicated that the structural changes varied according to each laser sources and irradiation conditions (laser fluences and numbers of pulses). Many granular structures of about 2 μm in diameter were observed in the ablated sites on ArF laser with lower fluence exposure (30 mJ/cm2, 200 pulses), and plane structures in the sites with higher fluence exposure (80 mJ/cm2, 80 pulses). In contrast, the ablation of Er:YAG laser created some pores of about 20 μm across on the surface of the SC. Under the irradiation condition of partial ablation, the skin permeability of macromolecule compound was enhanced. This partial SC ablation by pulsed laser could be possible candidate of the noninvasive transdermal drug delivery system with good physiological conditions of skin.
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Ai Fujiwara, Toshihiro Hinokitani, Kenichi Goto, and Tsunenori Arai "Partial ablation of stratum corneum by UV (193-nm) or IR (2.94-μm) pulsed lasers to enhance transdermal drug delivery rate", Proc. SPIE 5319, Laser Interaction with Tissue and Cells XV, (1 July 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.528978
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KEYWORDS
Skin
Laser ablation
Er:YAG lasers
Pulsed laser operation
Proteins
Excimer lasers
Laser irradiation
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