Optical feedback from extremely short external cavity in VCSEL

Mikel Arizaleta; Miren Camarena; Heiko J. Unold; Johannes M. Ostermann; Rainer Michalzik; Hugo Thienpont; Krassimir Panajotov

doi:10.1117/12.545071

8 September 2004 Optical feedback from extremely short external cavity in VCSEL

Mikel Arizaleta, Miren Camarena, Heiko J. Unold, Johannes M. Ostermann, Rainer Michalzik, Hugo Thienpont, Krassimir Panajotov

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 5453, Micro-Optics, VCSELs, and Photonic Interconnects; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.545071
Event: Photonics Europe, 2004, Strasbourg, France

Abstract

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have now entered the stage of implementation in optical devices and networks. Besides the number of properties superior to EEL, VCSELs have the drawback of less stabilized polarization. As any semiconductor laser, VCSELs are sensitive to Optical Feedback (OF) due to parasitic reflections inevitable in practical applications. Here we experimentally and numerically investigate the spectral and polarization properties of VCSELs subject to polarization insensitive optical feedback from an extremely short external cavity -ESEC (few microns). We observe that the total output power and the wavelength of laser emission are sinusoidally, in-phase modulated with the external cavity (EC) length and with a period equal to half the wavelength of the VCSEL. Moreover the currents at which the switches between the two linearly polarized (LP) modes happen and the hysteresis width are also sinusoidally modulated with the same period. When biasing the VCSEL at the switching current polarization switching between two orthogonal linearly polarized states happens at different EC lengths. This polarization switching happens through a hysteresis when decreasing and increasing the EC length. We have also develop a two modes rate equation model that proves and explains the changes of all VCSEL characteristics observed in the experimental part, showing very good agreement with the experimental results.

Citation Download Citation

Mikel Arizaleta, Miren Camarena, Heiko J. Unold, Johannes M. Ostermann, Rainer Michalzik, Hugo Thienpont, and Krassimir Panajotov "Optical feedback from extremely short external cavity in VCSEL", Proc. SPIE 5453, Micro-Optics, VCSELs, and Photonic Interconnects, (8 September 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.545071

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KEYWORDS

Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers

Modulation

Polarization

Picosecond phenomena

Mirrors

Reflection

Reflectivity

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