Functional diffuse reflectance spectroscopy at small source-detector distances based on fast-gated single-photon avalanche diodes

Davide Contini; Antonio Pifferi; Lorenzo Spinelli; Alessandro Torricelli; Rinaldo Cubeddu; Fabrizio Martelli; Giovanni Zaccanti; Alberto Dalla Mora; Alberto Tosi; Franco Zappa; Sergio Cova

doi:10.1117/12.852557

29 April 2010 Functional diffuse reflectance spectroscopy at small source-detector distances based on fast-gated single-photon avalanche diodes

Davide Contini, Antonio Pifferi, Lorenzo Spinelli, Alessandro Torricelli, Rinaldo Cubeddu, Fabrizio Martelli, Giovanni Zaccanti, Alberto Dalla Mora, Alberto Tosi, Franco Zappa, Sergio Cova

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 7681, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IV; 768102 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852557
Event: SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, 2010, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

In this review we present the instrumental and theoretical developments for functional diffuse reflectance spectroscopy at small source-detector distances. We proposed the possibility to perform photon migration measurements at null or small inter-fiber distances demonstrating the improvement of this novel approach in terms of achievable contrast, spatial resolution and number of detected photons. We developed a novel system to perform time-resolved diffuse reflectance measurement at small source detector separation based on a single photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD) operated in fast time gated mode and a broadband fiber laser. By means of time gating it is possible to detect longer lived photons neglecting initial ones. We show results both on homogeneous and inhomogeneous tissue phantoms demonstrating a dynamic range of 7 orders of magnitude and a temporal range of 6 nanoseconds. Furthermore, this approach proved valuable to detect brain activity.

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Davide Contini, Antonio Pifferi, Lorenzo Spinelli, Alessandro Torricelli, Rinaldo Cubeddu, Fabrizio Martelli, Giovanni Zaccanti, Alberto Dalla Mora, Alberto Tosi, Franco Zappa, and Sergio Cova "Functional diffuse reflectance spectroscopy at small source-detector distances based on fast-gated single-photon avalanche diodes", Proc. SPIE 7681, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IV, 768102 (29 April 2010); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852557

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