Non-invasive detection of periodontal disease using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: a clinical study

Chandra Sekhar Prasanth; Joseph Betsy; Narayanan Subhash; Jayaraj L. Jayanthi; Janam Prasanthila

doi:10.1117/12.907693

2 February 2012 Non-invasive detection of periodontal disease using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: a clinical study

Chandra Sekhar Prasanth, Joseph Betsy, Narayanan Subhash, Jayaraj L. Jayanthi, Janam Prasanthila

Proceedings Volume 8230, Biomedical Applications of Light Scattering VI; 823011 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.907693
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2012, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

In clinical diagnostic procedures, gingival inflammation is considered as the initial stage of periodontal breakdown. This is often detected clinically by bleeding on probing as it is an objective measure of inflammation. Since conventional diagnostic procedures have several inherent drawbacks, development of novel non-invasive diagnostic techniques assumes significance. This clinical study was carried out in 15 healthy volunteers and 25 patients to demonstrate the applicability of diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy for quantification and discrimination of various stages of inflammatory conditions in periodontal disease. The DR spectra of diseased lesions recorded using a point monitoring system consisting of a tungsten halogen lamp and a fiber-optic spectrometer showed oxygenated hemoglobin absorption dips at 545 and 575 nm. Mean DR spectra on normalization shows marked differences between healthy and different stages of gingival inflammation. Among the various DR intensity ratios investigated, involving oxy Hb absorption peaks, the R620/R575 ratio was found to be a good parameter of gingival inflammation. In order to screen the entire diseased area and its surroundings instantaneously, DR images were recorded with an EMCCD camera at 620 and 575 nm. We have observed that using the DR image intensity ratio R620/R575 mild inflammatory tissues could be discriminated from healthy with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 93%, and from moderate with a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 96%. The sensitivity and specificity obtained between moderate and severe inflammation are 82% and 76% respectively.

Citation Download Citation

Chandra Sekhar Prasanth, Joseph Betsy, Narayanan Subhash, Jayaraj L. Jayanthi, and Janam Prasanthila "Non-invasive detection of periodontal disease using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy: a clinical study", Proc. SPIE 8230, Biomedical Applications of Light Scattering VI, 823011 (2 February 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.907693

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