Focusing x-rays in two dimensions upon refraction in an inclined prism

Werner Jark; Gianluca Grenci

doi:10.1117/12.2062569

5 September 2014 Focusing x-rays in two dimensions upon refraction in an inclined prism

Werner Jark, Gianluca Grenci

Proceedings Volume 9207, Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components IX; 92070A (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062569
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2014, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

In order to focus light in two dimensions a lens needs to be curved in two orthogonal directions. When the lens is symmetrically oriented around the optical axis this is usually achieved in an object with at least one rotationally symmetric surface. X-rays are refracted very little in such configuration as the refractive index differs very little from unity. However, the deflection angle can be increased at rather grazing angle of incidence. And in this condition X-rays can be refracted significantly and focused upon refraction at concave interfaces. It will be shown here that on passage through a slightly curved rectangular prism at very grazing angle of incidence an X-ray beam can be subject to two consecutive refraction processes at two orthogonal concave interfaces, which will lead to focusing. Such object thus functions like a lens, even though it has little similarity with a classical lens. A proof of principle experiment will be described, in which the focusing is observed. The optical properties of optimised lenses of this type will be very similar to those, which were discussed already for more classical stacks of concave lenses. This refers essentially to the absorption limited aperture and to the achievable spatial resolution. The latter could be smaller than 100 nm.

Citation Download Citation

Werner Jark and Gianluca Grenci "Focusing x-rays in two dimensions upon refraction in an inclined prism", Proc. SPIE 9207, Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components IX, 92070A (5 September 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062569

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KEYWORDS

X-rays

Interfaces

Refraction

Prisms

Grazing incidence

X-ray optics

Refractive index

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