Multi-spectral and hyperspectral image data payloads have large size and may be challenging to download from remote sensors. To alleviate this problem, such images can be effectively compressed using specially designed algorithms. The new CCSDS-123 standard has been developed to address onboard lossless coding of multi-spectral and hyperspectral images. The standard is based on the fast lossless algorithm, which is composed of a causal context-based prediction stage and an entropy-coding stage that utilizes Golomb power-of-two codes. Several parts of each of these two stages have adjustable parameters. CCSDS-123 provides satisfactory performance for a wide set of imagery acquired by various sensors; but end-users of a CCSDS-123 implementation may require assistance to select a suitable combination of parameters for a specific application scenario. To assist end-users, this paper investigates the performance of CCSDS-123 under different parameter combinations and addresses the selection of an adequate combination given a specific sensor. Experimental results suggest that prediction parameters have a greater impact on the compression performance than entropy-coding parameters.
We present a novel data compression technique, called recursive interleaved entropy coding, that is based on recursive interleaving of variable-to variable length binary source codes. A compression module implementing this technique has the same functionality as arithmetic coding and can be used as the engine in various data compression algorithms. The encoder compresses a bit sequence by recursively encoding groups of bits that have similar estimated statistics, ordering the output in a way that is suited to the decoder. As a result, the decoder has low complexity. The encoding process for our technique is adaptable in that each bit to be encoded has an associated probability-of-zero estimate that may depend on previously encoded bits; this adaptability allows more effective compression. Recursive interleaved entropy coding may have advantages over arithmetic coding, including most notably the admission of a simple and fast decoder. Much variation is possible in the choice of component codes and in the interleaving structure, yielding coder designs of varying complexity and compression efficiency; coder designs that achieve arbitrarily small redundancy can be produced. We discuss coder design and performance estimation methods. We present practical encoding and decoding algorithms, as well as measured performance results.
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