ROC studies require complex procedures to select cases from many data samples, and to set confidence levels in
each selected case to generate ROC curves. In some observer performance studies, researchers have to develop software
with specific graphical user interface (GUI) to obtain confidence levels from readers. Because ROC studies could be
designed for various clinical situations, it is difficult task for preparing software corresponding to every ROC studies. In
this work, we have developed software for recording confidence levels during observer studies on tiny personal handheld
devices such as iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad. To confirm the functions of our software, three radiologists performed
observer studies to detect lung nodules by using public database of chest radiograms published by Japan Society of
Radiological Technology. The output in text format conformed to the format for the famous ROC kit from the University
of Chicago. Times required for the reading each case was recorded very precisely.
Indocyanine green (ICG) is widely used for its clearance test in the evaluation of liver function. Gadoxetate disodium
(Gd-EOB-DTPA) is a targeted MR contrast agent partially taken up by hepatocytes. The objective of this study was to
evaluate the feasibility of an estimation of the liver function corresponding to plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine
green (ICG-PDR) by use of the signal intensity of the liver alone in Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MR imaging (EOB-MRI).
We evaluated fourteen patients who had EOB-MRI and ICG clearance test within 1 month. 2D-GRE T1 weighted
images were obtained at pre contrast, 3 min (equilibrium phase) and 20 min (hepatobiliary phase) after the intravenous
administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA, and the mean signal intensity of the liver was measured. The correlation between
ICG-PDR and many parameters derived from the signal intensity of the liver in EOB-MRI was evaluated. The
correlation coefficient between ICG-PDR and many parameters derived from the signal intensity of the liver in EOBMRI
was low and not significant. The estimation of the liver function corresponding to ICG-PDR by use of the signal
intensity of the liver alone in EOB-MRI would not be reliable.
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