In this work, it is presented the synthesis of ZrO2:Yb3+, Er3+ nanocrystals by precipitation method with a hydrothermal
process and annealing at 1000 °C. Samples were prepared with 2 mol% of Yb3+ and 1mol% of Er3+, and sensitized with
different concentration of Gd3+ and S2+. The ceramic powders were characterized with different techniques to determine
their chemical composition, crystalline structure, crystallite size, morphology and upconversion emission. All samples
present the tetragonal crystalline phase with crystallite size lower than 70 nm with cubic shape. Experimental results
suggest the presence of SO4 on the surface of nanocrystals reducing the OH's and then improving the signal emitted. The
nanocrystals presented strong upconversion emission enhanced by the presence of both sensitizer Gd3+ and S2+. A
synergistic effect was observed with the combination of both sensitizers, improving the upconverted visible emission.
The red emission peak centered at 655 nm dominates the signal emitted but the red/green intensity ratio can be changed
by controlling the dopant composition.
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