Structured light are fields which are spatially shaped in its properties such as its amplitude, phase, or polarization. This spatial variation enables light to carry interesting features including orbital angular momentum, complex energy flow structures, singularity configurations, and more. We will discuss how these features make structured light a cutting-edge tool in various areas, ranging from singular and quantum optics to nanophotonics. Exploring its capabilities, we will present the customization of light down to the nanoscale and its application for advanced imaging of nanoemitters as well as quantum cryptography.
Nonlinear frequency generation is demonstrated in silicon nitride photonics using microring resonators with engineered dispersion through a Bragg grating perturbation. The processes by which these nonlinear effects occur introduces backscattered light, due to bidirectionally-propagating hybridized modes. Such backscattered light is often detrimental to the pump laser and imposes a limit on the power that can be delivered to the ring system, reducing the operating range of ring resonators for nonlinear light generation. We mitigate these effects with an on-chip passive optical isolator, which protects the pump laser from backscattered light, allowing for higher pump power operation regimes. Furthermore, we introduce a recycling channel that allows for power to be re-pumped into the mirroring resonator to enable controllable exploration into more interesting nonlinear optics phenomena.
When light interacts with media down to the nanoscale, it is spatially structured, e.g., in its amplitude, phase, or polarization, depending on media properties. This interaction can be used for various applications: For instance, we can advance standard imaging by extracting usually inaccessible information from nonparaxial structured light, such as the 3d orientation of nanoscale emitters. Moreover, we can advance quantum cryptography by 3d polarized structured light, encoded and decoded by an inversely designed integrated emitter structure. We will provide insights into these applications, showing the benefit of structured light meeting functional nanostructures.
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