Currently, there are no such image registration systems that would provide perfect quality. Therefore, an important stage in the tasks of computer vision and the development of image analysis systems is preprocessing. At this initial stage, it is necessary to use various techniques to improve the image quality acceptable for further analysis and processing. The methods of image pre-processing are considered, both “classical”, element-by-element, and modern, based on the use of artificial intelligence methods, designed to eliminate various kinds of distortions. This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.
Consideration of the results of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with non-spherical atmospheric particles with anisotropic properties is of both scientific and practical interest. Particular attention should be paid to the interaction of directed optical radiation with spatially oriented atmospheric ice crystals. Failure to take into account the mirror image of optical radiation from an ensemble of spatially oriented atmospheric particles of non-spherical shape can distort model representations, significantly complicate the interpretation of the results obtained and lead to incorrect interpretation of some phenomena observed in the atmosphere. The paper considers some results of observations of the phenomenon of mirror reflection from horizontally-oriented flat crystal parts localized in the atmosphere. This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.
The long-term series of the vertical distribution of temperature in the middle atmosphere (altitude range 15 to 60 km) over the city of Tomsk obtained on the basis of regular measurements of the lidar station of the Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS for the period 2010 – 2020, have been processed and analyzed in this paper. regional features of the intra- and interannual variability of the thermal state of the middle atmosphere over Western Siberia have been revealed on the basis of the obtained experimental data, and a thermodynamic model of the middle atmosphere for this region more adequate to real conditions has been proposed.
The article presents an overview of the panoramic optical station "TomSky" developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, designed for day and night multiparametric observation of the optical state of the sky. In the first part, the prerequisites for creating a ground-based atmospheric monitoring station and some technical features of its implementation are considered. This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.
The article presents an overview of the panoramic optical station "TomSky" developed at the IOA SB RAS, designed for day and night multiparametric observation of the optical state of the sky. In the second part, methods and algorithms for processing data obtained from the monitoring station are considered. This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.
The article discusses the methods and algorithms used in the development of software and hardware systems for registration and analysis of cloud images, when observed from the surface of the Earth. The methods of pre-processing images are considered and the possibility of determining the direction and apparent angular velocity of cloud movement based on a series of images for the purpose of making a short-term forecast is evaluated.
The work is devoted to the development of an algorithm describing the nature of the interaction of directed optical radiation with an optically transparent object of spherical shape – a raindrop. To solve this problem, in the approximation of geometric optics, the relations describing the angular nature of the radiation propagation in the droplet for four reflections from the interface of the two environments under consideration were obtained: air-water. Further, on this basis, the relations were obtained to describe the nature of the angular propagation of radiation outside the droplet for the four interaction points. As a result, the obtained relations were used to obtain digital data on the extreme values of the angles of the two functions: Ψ and φ . These values coincided with the angles of the primary and secondary rainbows formed by the interaction of directed optical radiation with a raindrop. Thus, the correctness of the developed algorithm describing the interaction of directed optical radiation with a raindrop is confirmed. This fact allows the estimation of the parameters of interaction of optical radiation with different values of refractive index, i.e., for other environments.
Some features of the appearance of a mirror reflection of the illuminated underlying surface by a cloud layer consisting of ice plates from observations of a panoramic optical station are considered.
The article discusses various methods of image quality assessment. A comparative analysis of sharpness functions as a measure of image quality, in the absence of a standard for comparison, was conducted.
In this paper we consider the transformation of the trajectory of cloud formations in the system of the topocentric observer with their linear character of motion at a fixed altitude around the planet's surface.
The application of cluster analysis in the problem of classification of data obtained from remote sensing of the Earth is considered. A method for searching for image local features using masks Laws, and the formation of a vector of texture features is considered.
Due to the fact that the cloudiness plays a critical role in the Earth radiative balance, the study of the distribution of different types of clouds and their movements is relevant. The main sources of such information are artificial satellites that provide data in the form of images. The most commonly used method of solving tasks of processing and classification of images of clouds is based on the description of texture features. The use of a set of local binary patterns is proposed to describe the texture image.
The paper presents the result of simultaneous observation of cirrus clouds by a lidar and an all-sky camera. The observation was started at 17:00, 24 March, 2016 and finished at 09:00, 25 March, 2016. The polarization lidar of V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics was used. The cirrus cloud was formed at 8000 m and went down to 4000 m at the end of observation. The linear depolarization ratio varied from 60% to less than 1%. The layer of quasi-horizontally oriented ice crystals was observed. Simultaneously, the all-sky camera pictured the 22 degrees halos while the lidar measured high depolarization ratio, which means that randomly oriented hexagonal ice particles were forming the cloud. The camera also pictured the Sundogs when the depolarization ratio tended to zero at about 21:30 that definitely indicates the quasi-horizontally oriented hexagonal plates. Absence of the Sundogs in the all-sky pictures while both the lidar sense low depolarization ratio, strong intensity and the specular reflection appears means that the cloud was formed by quasi-horizontally oriented particles with complex shape, i.e. snowflakes. The simultaneous lidar and all-sky camera observations seems to be a very prospective method to retrieve the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds.
Considered algorithm for the calculation of speed and direction of displacement the large cloud formations on the basis of remote sensing which data stored in open access, obtained from satellites.
The paper gives a short overview of methods of cloud detection and sky cloud cover level determination based on panoramic sky images obtained with the wide angle lenses of type «Fisheye».
This report discusses some simulation results of the angular distribution of brightness of the sky in the case of molecular scattering in the atmosphere for the benefit of the study of space-time changes of this distribution during the civil twilight.
This report discusses some simulation results of the angular distribution of brightness of the sky in the case of molecular scattering in the atmosphere during the civil twilight with solar zenith angles 90 ° - 94 °.
This article gives a short overview to the modified algorithm of cloud fields images processing generated by digital camera. The article shows that the simultaneous measurement of the low bound of clouds with LIDAR allows to determine the direction and speed of the clouds movement at the LIDAR installation point. Also the articles provides the example of the clouds speed estimation based on experimental data.
This article gives a short overview to method of direction determining and visible angular velocity of movement determining of cloudiness based on set of panoramic images of cloudy sky, obtained by “Fisheye” wide-angle lens.
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