Ms. Amy E. Frees Profile

Amy E. Frees

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2014 Paper

Optical monitoring of glucose demand and vascular delivery in a preclinical murine model

Amy Frees, Narasimhan Rajaram, Sam McCachren, Alex Vaz, Mark Dewhirst, Nimmi Ramanujam

Proceedings Volume 8947, 894705 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2040950

KEYWORDS: Tumors, Glucose, Tissues, Luminescence, Blood, Cancer, In vivo imaging, Mode conditioning cables, Breast cancer, Blood circulation

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Targeted therapies such as PI3K inhibition can affect tumor vasculature, and hence delivery of imaging agents like FDG, while independently modifying intrinsic glucose demand. Therefore, it is important to identify whether perceived changes in glucose uptake are caused by vascular or true metabolic changes. This study sought to develop an optical strategy for quantifying tissue glucose uptake free of cross-talk from tracer delivery effects. Glucose uptake kinetics were measured using a fluorescent D-glucose derivative 2-(N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)Amino)-2-deoxy-Dglucose (2-NBDG), and 2-(N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)Amino)-2-deoxy-L-glucose (2-NBDLG) was used as a control to report on non-specific uptake. Vascular oxygenation (SO₂) was calculated from wavelength-dependent hemoglobin absorption. We have previously shown that the rate of 2-NBDG delivery in vivo profoundly affects perceived demand. In this study, we investigated the potential of the ratio of 2-NBDG uptake to the rate of delivery (2-NBDG₆₀/R_D) to report on 2-NBDG demand in vivo free from confounding delivery effects. In normal murine tissue, we show that 2-NBDG₆₀/R_D can distinguish specific uptake from non-specific cell membrane binding, whereas fluorescence intensity alone cannot. The ratio 2-NBDG₆₀/R_D also correlates with blood glucose more strongly than 2-NBDG₆₀ does in normal murine tissue. Additionally, 2-NBDG₆₀/R_D can distinguish normal murine tissue from a murine metastatic tumor across a range of SO₂ values. The results presented here indicate that the ratio of 2-NBDG uptake to the rate of 2-NBDG delivery (2- NBDG₆₀/R_D) is superior to 2-NBDG intensity alone for quantifying changes in glucose demand.

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