Mr. Benjamin De Leener Profile

Benjamin De Leener

at Polytechnique Montréal

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Proceedings Article | 21 March 2014 Paper

Automatic 3D segmentation of spinal cord MRI using propagated deformable models

B. De Leener, J. Cohen-Adad, S. Kadoury

Proceedings Volume 9034, 90343R (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2043183

KEYWORDS: Spinal cord, Image segmentation, Magnetic resonance imaging, 3D modeling, Hough transforms, Image processing algorithms and systems, Injuries, Sensors, Image registration, Process modeling

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Spinal cord diseases or injuries can cause dysfunction of the sensory and locomotor systems. Segmentation of the spinal cord provides measures of atrophy and allows group analysis of multi-parametric MRI via inter-subject registration to a template. All these measures were shown to improve diagnostic and surgical intervention. We developed a framework to automatically segment the spinal cord on T2-weighted MR images, based on the propagation of a deformable model. The algorithm is divided into three parts: first, an initialization step detects the spinal cord position and orientation by using the elliptical Hough transform on multiple adjacent axial slices to produce an initial tubular mesh. Second, a low-resolution deformable model is iteratively propagated along the spinal cord. To deal with highly variable contrast levels between the spinal cord and the cerebrospinal fluid, the deformation is coupled with a contrast adaptation at each iteration. Third, a refinement process and a global deformation are applied on the low-resolution mesh to provide an accurate segmentation of the spinal cord. Our method was evaluated against a semi-automatic edge-based snake method implemented in ITK-SNAP (with heavy manual adjustment) by computing the 3D Dice coefficient, mean and maximum distance errors. Accuracy and robustness were assessed from 8 healthy subjects. Each subject had two volumes: one at the cervical and one at the thoracolumbar region. Results show a precision of 0.30 ± 0.05 mm (mean absolute distance error) in the cervical region and 0.27 ± 0.06 mm in the thoracolumbar region. The 3D Dice coefficient was of 0.93 for both regions.

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