On-chip hollow-core waveguides represent a promising platform for microfluidic analysis, nonlinear optics and quantum information processing, due to light guidance directly inside the medium of interest. Recently, we have reported a 3D printed hollow-core waveguide ⎯ light cage ⎯ which consists of a ring of high-aspect-ratio cylinders and combines a high fraction of field in the core (>99%) with transverse access. Here we will discuss our results on interfacing light cages with optical fibers, the measurement of electromagnetically induced transparency within light cages filled with alkali vapour, the potential of the light cage concept for spectroscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis.
Quantum memories are a key tool for optical quantum information processing. Several physical implementations have been suggested. Photonic nano- and microstructures can significantly improve light matter interaction and in this way facilitate efficient photon storage. In this presentation we will introduce a photonics light cage as an engineered photonic structure to improve the performance of quantum memories based on warm atomic (Cs) vapor. Based on first results we derive the improved storage parameters of such a device and discuss prospect for integration into quantum networks.
Optical waveguides represent the key element of integrated planar photonic circuitry having revolutionized many fields of photonics ranging from telecommunications, medicine, environmental science and light generation. However, the use of solid cores imposes limitations on applications that demand controlling strong light-matter interaction within low permittivity media such as gases or liquids, which has triggered substantial interest towards the development of hollow core waveguides. Here, we introduce the concept of the on-chip hollow core light cage that consists of free standing arrays of cylindrical dielectric strands surrounding a central hollow core implemented by 3D nanoprinting. The cage operates by the anti-resonant guidance effect and exhibits extraordinary properties such as (1) diffraction-less propagation in “quasi-air” over more than a centimetre distance within the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared spectral domains, (2) unique side-wise direct access to the hollow core via open spaces between the strands speeding up gas diffusion times by at least a factor of 10.000, and (3) an extraordinary high fraction of modal fields in the hollow section (> 99.9%). With these properties, the light cage can overcome the limitations of current planar hollow core waveguide technology, allowing unprecedented future on-chip applications within quantum technology, ultrafast spectroscopy, bioanalytics, acousto-optics, optofluidics and nonlinear optics.
Unlike those of other ordinary laser scanning microscopies in the past, nonlinear optical laser scanning microscopy (SHG, THG microscopy) applied ultrafast laser technology which has high peak powers with relatively inexpensive, low-average-power. It short pulse nature reduces the ionization damage in organic molecules. And it enables us to take bright label-free images. In this study, we measured cell division of zebrafish egg with ultrafast video images using multimodal nonlinear optical microscope. The result shows in-vivo cell division label-free imaging with sub-cellular resolution.
Nonlinear optical microscopy has enabled the possibility to explore inside the living organisms. It utilizes ultrashort laser pulse with long wavelength (greater than 800nm). Ultrashort pulse produces high peak power to induce nonlinear optical phenomenon such as two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) and harmonic generations in the medium while maintaining relatively low average energy pre area. In plant developmental biology, confocal microscopy is widely used in plant cell imaging after the development of biological fluorescence labels in mid-1990s. However, fluorescence labeling itself affects the sample and the sample deviates from intact condition especially when labelling the entire cell. In this work, we report the dynamic images of Arabidopsis thaliana root cells. This demonstrates the multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy is an effective tool for long-term plant cell imaging.
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