Prof. Christian D. Kummerow Profile

Prof. Christian D. Kummerow

at Colorado State Univ

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Proceedings Article | 3 October 2024 Presentation

Filling temporal observational gaps from the tropics to the mid-latitudes in passive microwave atmospheric sounding and clouds and precipitation remote sensing using small satellites (Conference Presentation)

Steven Reising, Christian Kummerow, V. Chandrasekar, Shannon Brown, C. Radhakrishnan, Chia-Pang Kuo, Richard Schulte

Proceedings Volume PC13146, PC1314601 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3028895

KEYWORDS: Microwave radiation, Clouds, Water, Sensors, Satellites, Remote sensing, Atmospheric sensing, Radiometry, Equipment, Weather forecasting

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2022 Presentation

Temporal observations of cloud and precipitation processes from CubeSats & SmallSats: perspectives from the 3-year TEMPEST-D on-orbit demonstration and follow-on missions

Steven Reising, V. Chandrasekar, Christian Kummerow, Shannon Brown, Todd Gaier, Wesley Berg, Sharmila Padmanabhan, Chandrasekar Radhakrishnan, Matthew Pallas, Doug Laczkowski, Nancy Gaytan

Proceedings Volume 12236, 1223601 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2633870

KEYWORDS: Microwave radiation, Sensors, Clouds, Radiometry, Space operations, Satellites, Radar, Earth's atmosphere, Temporal resolution, Reliability

Proceedings Article | 13 September 2021 Presentation

Enabling CubeSat constellations to improve revisit times of microwave sounder/imagers: The TEMPEST-D mission providing global atmospheric science observations for nearly three years

Steven Reising, Wesley Berg, V. Chandrasekar, Todd Gaier, Shannon Brown, Sharmila Padmanabhan, Boon Lim, Christian Kummerow, Yuriy Goncharenko, Chandrasekar Radhakrishnan, Richard Schulte, Matthew Pallas, Doug Laczkowski, Nancy Gaytan, Austin Bullard

Proceedings Volume 11858, 1185816 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2599571

KEYWORDS: Microwave radiation, Atmospheric sciences, Radiometry, Space operations, Sensors, Satellites, Profiling, Atmospheric modeling, Receivers, Data modeling

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Passive microwave temperature and water vapor sounding of the Earth’s atmosphere provides one of the most valuable quantitative contributions to weather prediction and is a key factor in initializing and validating climate models. Recent advances in the capabilities and robustness of small satellite components and systems provide an opportunity for NOAA, EUMETSAT and other operational agencies to explore the value of launching passive microwave sounder/imagers and complementary instruments on small spacecraft, including CubeSats, for relatively small investments. This provides the potential for deployment of microwave sounder constellations in low-Earth orbit (LEO) to substantially shorten revisit times. In this context, the first CubeSat-based multi-frequency microwave sounder to provide global data over a substantial period is the Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems Demonstration (TEMPEST-D) mission. This mission was designed to demonstrate on-orbit capabilities of a five-frequency millimeter-wave radiometer to enable a future constellations of 6U CubeSats with low-mass, low-power millimeter-wave sensors to observe changes in convection and water vapor vertical profiles with revisit times on the order of minutes instead of hours. TEMPEST millimeter-wave radiometers provide observations at five frequencies from 87-181 GHz, with spatial resolution ranging from 12.5-25 km. To demonstrate technology necessary for deployment and operation of a CubeSat constellation of microwave sounders, the TEMPEST-D satellite was launched on May 21, 2018 from NASA Wallops to the ISS and successfully deployed into a 404-km orbit at 51.6° inclination on July 13, 2018. Now more than two years and nine months into its mission, the TEMPEST-D radiometer continues to provide science-quality data. The TEMPEST-D mission met all of its Level-1 requirements within the first 90 days of operations and achieved TRL 9 for both instrument and spacecraft systems. Validation of the TEMPEST-D brightness temperatures was performed over 50 days during a 13-month period through comparisons with GPM/GMI and MHS on NOAA-19, MetOp-A, MetOp-B and MetOp-C satellites. Results demonstrated calibration accuracy of TEMPEST-D within 1 K and stability within 0.6 K, as well as no evidence of any significant changes over time or with instrument temperature. TEMPEST-D brightness temperatures have been used to demonstrate data assimilation into NOAA numerical weather prediction models as well as atmospheric science parameter retrievals. In summary, on-orbit results show that TEMPEST-D is a very well-calibrated, highly stable radiometer, indistinguishable in performance from larger, more expensive operational sensors. Over its mission lifetime of nearly three years, TEMPEST-D has demonstrated the feasibility of deployment of a constellation of microwave sounders on CubeSats for relatively low cost and short timeline for implementation. A recently-completed CSU study, funded by NOAA, showed the potential for a CubeSat constellation of TEMPEST-based microwave sounders to perform temperature and moisture profiling with shorter refresh times. The InP HEMT low-noise amplifier technology developed for TEMPEST-D receivers for moisture profiling using 87-181 GHz frequencies can be enhanced by adding receivers with temperature profiling frequencies from 114-118 GHz range. The NOAA study demonstrated that a TEMPEST-based constellation of less than 12 CubeSats has the potential to greatly improve revisit times of current polar-orbiting operational microwave sensors.

Proceedings Article | 2 August 2021 Presentation

Millimeter-wave sounder/imager on a CubeSat providing global atmospheric science observations for more than two years on orbit: Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems-Demonstration (TEMPEST-D) Mission

Steven Reising, Todd Gaier, Shannon Brown, Sharmila Padmanabhan, Christian Kummerow, Wesley Berg, V. Chandrasekar, Boon Lim, Cate Heneghan, Richard Schulte, C. Radhakrishnan, Yuriy Goncharenko, Matthew Pallas, Doug Laczkowski, Nancy Gaytan, Austin Bullard

Proceedings Volume 11832, 1183202 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2595394

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric sciences, Satellites, Clouds, Space operations, Sensors, Radiometry, Microwave radiation, Earth's atmosphere, Convection, Climatology

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2020 Presentation

Passive microwave atmospheric sounder on a CubeSat performing science-quality observations for nearly 2 years: Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems Demonstration (TEMPEST-D) mission

Steven Reising, Todd Gaier, Shannon Brown, Wesley Berg, Sharmila Padmanabhan, Boon Lim, Christian Kummerow, V. Chandrasekar, Cate Heneghan, Richard Schulte, Yuriy Goncharenko, C. Radhakrishnan, Matthew Pallas, Doug Laczkowski, Nancy Gaytan, Austin Bullard

Proceedings Volume 11505, 1150504 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2570371

KEYWORDS: Microwave radiation, Sensors, Atmospheric sciences, Space operations, Radiometry, Satellites, Earth's atmosphere, Atmospheric particles, Clouds, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 12 September 2019 Presentation

Global observations from a well-calibrated passive microwave atmospheric sounder on a CubeSat: Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems Technology Demonstration (TEMPEST-D) Mission (Conference Presentation)

Steven Reising, Todd Gaier, Shannon Brown, Sharmila Padmanabhan, Christian Kummerow, V. Chandrasekar, Cate Heneghan, Boon Lim, Wesley Berg, Richard Schulte, C. Radhakrishnan, Mattew Pallas, Doug Laczkowski, Austin Bullard

Proceedings Volume 11131, 1113107 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2528293

KEYWORDS: Microwave radiation, Radiometry, Convection, Satellites, Clouds, Space operations, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 7 December 2016 Presentation

Temporal experiment for storms and tropical systems - technology demonstration (TEMPEST-D) mission to enable future 6U-class nanosatellite constellation missions (Conference Presentation)

Steven Reising, Todd Gaier, Christian Kummerow, Sharmila Padmanabhan, Boon Lim, Cate Heneghan, Chandrasekar Chandra, Shannon Brown, Jon Olson, Wesley Berg

Proceedings Volume 9978, 997808 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2239204

KEYWORDS: Clouds, Radiometry, Climate change, Climatology, Remote sensing, Current controlled current source

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Proceedings Article | 29 October 2010 Paper

Improved Goddard profiling (GPROF) database over the Korean Peninsula and its impact on TRMM TMI rainfall

Geun-Hyeok Ryu, Byung-Ju Sohn, Christian Kummerow, Eun-Kyoung Seo, Gregory Tripoli

Proceedings Volume 7859, 78590A (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.869437

KEYWORDS: Databases, Meteorology, Clouds, Microwave radiation, Atmospheric modeling, Data modeling, Computer simulations, Profiling, Satellites, Terbium

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