X-rays provide exceptional insights into complex samples due to their high penetration depth and chemical sensitivity. Nanostructured diffractive optics are a type of X-ray optics that have enabled many scientific discoveries at large research facilities. The development of these optics has been facilitated by recent advancements in nanotechnology. XRnanotech, a spin-off from Paul Scherrer Institut in Switzerland, uses various nanolithography methods to increase the performance and applicability of diffractive optics. These include transmission achromatic X-ray optics, blazed reflection gratings, and ultra-high resolution zone plates. Latest advancements in diffractive optics fabrication offer exciting possibilities for future X-ray research.
Tunable nanostructures and nanocavities can be used to manipulate dynamically an incoming wavefront at sub-wavelength scales. Realizing such systems is, however, challenging both from the design aspects, particularly if one looks for practical configurations with single-pixel control. In this talk, we will show how interfacing liquid crystals with different nanocavities can be used for this means. In particular, we will present configurations employing dielectric nanoantennas for dynamic beam steering with single-pixel control and extended field of view, as well as the potential of Fabry-Perot nanocavities to extend these devices to multi-chromatic (RGB) operation.
Nanostructured surfaces with engineered electromagnetic response, so called metasurfaces, are a very active topic of research in the nanophotonics community, stemming from their ability to manipulate the light wavefront at will with unparalleled resolution. Currently, one of the main limitations of this kind of devices is their static character, i.e., the fact that their functionality (e.g. focusing light, steering light, etc.) becomes fixed upon fabrication. To circumvent this issue, significant efforts are being made to achieve dynamic control of these devices by different means, one of the most promising being interfacing them with liquid crystals.
In this talk, we will present our recent results in this direction, towards achieving dynamic control over each individual nanoantenna of the metasurface, as to realize the next generation of Spatial Light Modulators with sub-wavelength resolution, with broad applications in areas such as near-eye and holographic displays or LIDAR.
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