Optical coherence time and nonlinear optical response of excitons localized to quantum dots in a GaAs/AlGaAs single quantum well are investigated by the three-pulse photon echo technique. At low temperature, the optical coherence time is estimated to be 1.8 ns from the decay curve of the photon echo signal. The decay profile for short time delay shows the strong dependence on the input pulse area of the third pulse. Rabi oscillations are also observed. The oscillations exhibit nonlinear behavior, which is affected by the pre-excited polarization. Such behavior can be qualitatively explained by the local field effect due to the exciton-exciton interaction between the excitons.
We have investigated the electronic structures of GaAs/Al(Ga)As and GaAs/AlAs quantum wells by resonance effects of second-harmonic generation. Second-harmonic generation signals manifest themselves in two-photon resonance with the confined 1S and/or 2P excitons in GaAs/Al(Ga)As and ZnSe/ZnS quantum wells. The assignment of the resonance is directly determined from comparison to the results of one-photon and two-photon absorption data. From the energy splitting of the 1S and 2P exciton levels, the exciton binding energies can be determined. There is a significant increase in the binding energy as compared to that in bulk materials. This increase is caused by the exciton confinement effect.
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