In this paper, a methodology to perform thermal and acoustic characterization of a forest fire event is reported. The
analysis of fire emission properties has been carried out through laboratory and field testing, consisted in the burning of
different fuels placed on tables or on field plots. The objectives of the trials have been the evaluation of fire radiated heat
to fiber optic sensors with cables in open air, buried or inside the flames, and the evaluation of fire acoustic spectra, with
respect to the different fuel types and fire conditions. Post processing algorithms on acquired acoustic signals have been
developed to evaluate the fire frequency content, which defines the signature of the fire noise; the results obtained have
confirmed the main spectrum features reported in literature. The measurement of temperature variations by fiber optic
sensors has been useful to characterize sensors behavior with respect to fire, wind and smoke. The results of the tests
have been used in the design phase of a new fire monitoring system made up of acoustic sensors, able to detect and track
fires from the beginning, and fiber optic sensors, for a capillary monitoring of temperature in forest areas.
Here we present a fiber optic seismic waves sensor based on in-fiber Bragg gratings. Fiber Bragg Grating sensors have
been demonstrated to have very high sensitivity to dynamical strain in the sub-micro-strain range and very extended
dynamical response from static to very high frequency. The seismic sensing system is based on the integration of three
FBGs dynamical strain sensors in a mechanical structure acting as an inverse pendulum. Polar symmetry of the
mechanical system and 120° placement of the FBG sensors guarantee a directional capability of the seismic sensor.
Design, manufacturing and preliminary dynamical testing of the seismic sensor are discussed.
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