A method has been developed for calculating the spectral remote sensing reflectance based on the total upwelling radiance measurements, carried out from the ‘Optik’ Tu-134 aircraft laboratory over the Kara Sea on September 10, 2022. Data on the spectral downwelling irradiance and the reference remote sensing reflectance were obtained during synchronous underaircraft measurements from the R/V ‘Akademik Mstislav Keldysh’. To calculate the remote sensing reflectance, a simple two-parameter formula is proposed (with the relative error of 7%), the application of which allows one to separate the reflected from the surface radiation and take into account the variability of sky conditions due to the influence of variable cloudiness.
The paper considers variations in the chemical composition of the tropospheric aerosol over the background region of the south of Western Siberia in 1997 - 2019. Sounding of the troposphere from 500 to 7000 m above the Karakan pine forest (Novosibirsk region) with an almost monthly frequency is carried out from 1997 to the present using the Optic-E aircraft-laboratory based on the Antonov-30 until 2011 and the Tupolev-134 Optik in this decade. Aerosol sampling is performed at each height and in layers: 500-1000, 1500-2000, 3000-4000, 5500-7000 m onto Petryanov filters (AFAChP/ChA-20). Subsequent quantitative analysis for the content of ions and elements in aerosol matter was carried out at the Laboratory for Environmental Monitoring at Tomsk State University. Based on 1200 sample samples (until 2019), the annual cycle of the defined components was built. Their temporal and spatial variability is analyzed. The total variability of the concentration of the inorganic component does not exceed 2 orders of magnitude. Temporary variability of the concentration of trace elements can be more spatial, reaching 4 orders of magnitude. Some data are also presented on organic aerosol, an experimental study of which by the aircraft-laboratory began in the current decade.
The paper studies the changes in the gas composition of the atmosphere in the surface layer for the Tomsk region (Akademgorodok) during the periods of sharp change of air masses. Studies were conducted for the summer seasons (June-August 1993-2018) for the periods of change of air masses from warm to cold. Ozone, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide (O3, CO2, CO, SO2) concentrations were used for the analysis of the change in chemical composition. The concentrations have been derived from TOR station. For the analysis of air mass change, ECMWF Era-Interim data on the potential temperature on the dynamic tropopause (PV-θ) was used. The paper studies the processes air mass change in which the difference of PV-θ anomaly was about 20-30 K. It was found that the concentration of CO2 is mainly increasing, and concentrations of O3 and aerosol are decreasing during the polar intrusion. For CO and SO2, no dependence on a sharp change in the air mass properties was found.
The article provides a joint analysis of the aerosol chemical composition data on the content of inorganic components (chemical elements and ions) and hydrocarbons (n-alkanes) as part of an aerosol over Karakansky bor (a large forest with prevailing coniferous trees on the right bank of the southern part of the Novosibirsk reservoir) in aircraft sounding from 2011 to 2016. Correlation analysis showed the greatest connection with n-alkanes of three metals - copper, cobalt and aluminum, especially copper and cobalt, with 5-6 hydrocarbon homologues right away Sodium, potassium, calcium and barium correlate with 1-2 n-alkanes. Soil aluminum and silicon, and a number of other trace elements find a connection with 1-3 n-alkanes. The homologs that are often correlated with one metal are consistently in the same row, which may indicate a significant catalytic activity of this metal in the atmosphere.
Synoptic analysis of the chemical composition of the inorganic matrix of tropospheric aerosol over the forest on the right bank of the southern part of the Novosibirsk reservoir (Karakan boron) is given. For the field of study of tropospheric aerosol in the 500-7000 m layer (above the Karakan boron), the chemical composition of the aerosol was classified during the aerosol sensing period from September 1997 to June 2017 for typical air masses in the region: continental arctic, continental moderate, and continental subtropical and tropical, united in one group.
Here, we briefly describe the station established by IAO SB RAS at Fonovaya Observatory to carry out continuous measurements of atmospheric composition and other parameters in West Siberia. Specifications of the instrumentation installed at the station, functioning modes of individual units comprising it, collection, transferring and storage of the measurement data are presented.
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