The visual study of unsteady shock wave dynamics has in the past predominantly been done using single-shot images.
The advent of ultra-fast, good-resolution high-speed digital cameras has changed this state of affairs and allows the true
development of the flow to be studied. It enables the detection of weaker features which are easily overlooked in singleshot
visualizations by virtue of the fact that human vision is very sensitive to detecting the motion of an object, even if it
generates only a faint optical signal. Recent application of these devices to the study of the focusing of a shock wave in a
cylindrical cavity has identified a number of previously unknown features, while other features that previously had been
inadequately reported could be clearly identified and explained The observation of deliberately generated weak
disturbances allows the quantification of which part of the flow is influenced by which part of the boundaries
encompassing it. Whilst the imaging itself is very useful it is also highly desirable to use techniques from which
quantitative data can be obtained. Color, such as in direction- and magnitude-indicating color schlieren, and polychrome
shearing interferometry, adds an additional dimension to such investigations.
KEYWORDS: Cameras, Photography, Digital recording, Digital cameras, High speed photography, Image sensors, Manufacturing, Glasses, CCD image sensors, High speed cameras
Scientists and Engineers still require to record essential parameters during the design and testing of new (or refined) munitions. This essential data, such as velocities, spin, pitch and yaw angles, sabot discards, impact angles, target penetrations, behind target effects and post impact delays, need to be recorded during dynamic, high velocity, and dangerous firings. Traditionally these parameters have been recorded on high-speed film cameras. With the demise of film as a recording media a new generation of electronic digital recording cameras has come to be accepted method of allowing these parameters to be recorded and analysed. Their obvious advantage over film is their instant access to records and their ability for almost instant analysis of records. This paper will detail results obtained using a new specially designed Ballistic Range Camera manufactured by Specialised Imaging Ltd.
In many ways this paper continues from the one presented at the 25th ICHSPP held in Beaune, France in 2002. That paper was on Etienne-Jules Marey, a true pioneer of high speed photographic techniques and cinematography, who was born in Beaune.
Whilst researching for that paper the author became fascinated by the efforts and results of many pioneers in the field at the turn of the 19th century.
KEYWORDS: Photography, Cameras, Visualization, Motion analysis, Cinematography, High speed photography, Camera shutters, Mechanics, High speed cameras, Analytical research
As a "son" of Beaune it seems appropriate to give a short appreciation of the work of Marey, as a pioneer in the field of high speed and motion recording photography, at this Congress held in his birthplace. Not only was he a notable physicist but he was a very often under appreciated pioneer of scientific photography, especially as applied to motion recording and analysis. It can be rightfully claimed that his work makes him an important element in the discovery of cinematography in general. His contemporary (and at times collaborator) Muybridge seems to have been credited with much of the acclaim in this field, possible because of his more extrovert character, and possible because of Marey's many other notable scientific achievements. Marey had invented a high-speed camera capable of 700 pps by 1894!
KEYWORDS: Cameras, Photography, High speed photography, Video, Velocity measurements, Missiles, Analytical research, Visualization, Digital imaging, Digital video recorders
In military research and development or testing there are various fast and dangerous events that need to be recorded and analyzed. High-speed cameras allow the capture of movement too fast to be recognized by the human eye, and provide data that is essential for the analysis and evaluation of such events. High-speed photography is often the only type of instrumentation that can be used to record the parameters demanded by our customers. I will show examples where this applied cinematography is used not only to provide a visual record of events, but also as an essential measurement tool.
KEYWORDS: Cameras, Photography, High speed photography, Video, Velocity measurements, Missiles, Analytical research, Visualization, Digital video recorders, High speed cameras
In military research and development or testing there are various fast and dangerous events that need to be recorded and analysed. High-speed cameras allow the capture of movement too fast to be recognised by the human eye, and provide data that is essential for the analysis and evaluation of such events. High-speed photography is often the only type of instrumentation that can be used to record the parameters demanded by our customers. I will show examples where this applied cinematography is used not only to provide a visual record of events, but also as an essential measurement tool.
KEYWORDS: Cameras, Photography, High speed photography, Velocity measurements, Defense and security, High speed cameras, Analytical research, Weapons, Missiles, Video
Photography's inestimable contribution to science and technology is beyond question. Applied photography, or in this case applied cinematography, is that area of work which assumes an integral part of a research project and where the results of photographic analysis form a major source of information. In military research and development or testing there are various fast events that need to be recorded and analyzed. High speed cameras allow the capture of movement too fast to be recognized by the human eye and provide data that is essential for the analysis of such events.
The imaging of high velocity (> 2000 m/s), 7 mm Cuboids impacting on various targets is discussed. The reasons why conventional H.S. Cine techniques, even framing at 40,000 pps, are inadequate to record the detail required are outlined. Four different methods of image capture are illustrated giving a direct comparison between state-of-the-art technologies.
Streak and Smear are two well known and extensively used techniques of High Speed
Photography. Examples will be given of applications in weapons research. Streak
aptly describes its technique whereas smear does not. A new title is suggested
which congress is asked to endorse.
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