Camera-LiDAR joint calibration is the basic requirement for data fusion of two sensors in autonomous vehicle. In order to minimize the re-projection error of the joint calibration and enhance the accuracy of the fusion of image and laser point cloud data, a Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is designed to optimize the external parameters for the joint calibration of the camera and LiDAR. Firstly, the least square function is constructed based on the difference between image pixel coordinates and point cloud re-projection coordinates. To reduce the number of optimization parameters, we employ the Rodriges transformation, a formula that enables us to represent the rotation matrix using a vector of only 3 parameters. Then, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is utilized to optimize the joint calibration parameters and solve the optimized re-projection error. The results demonstrate that the optimized re-projection error is 0.226, which is reduced by 53.5% compared with before optimization, and the accuracy of joint calibration is improved. Finally, visualization of the calibration results validates the effectiveness of the optimization algorithm.
Due to the frequent occurrence of pedestrian accidents caused by the blind spot of commercial vehicle drivers, the YOLOv5s-FE algorithm is proposed to detect pedestrians in the blind spot using YOLOv5s as a baseline model for this problem. The Swin Transformer Block structure is introduced in the Neck network to improve the feature extraction capability to capture the global information. To solve the problem of missed detection of small-target pedestrians, the feature fusion part in the network structure is added with an upsampling layer to get a larger size feature map and then fused with shallow features to preserve the localization information of small-target pedestrians. Through experimental verification, the precision, recall and accuracy are improved by 2.2%, 2.1%, and 3.4%, respectively, and the pedestrian target can be detected effectively.
White light interferometry is used to measure distributed polarization coupling in high-birefringence polarization-maintaining fibers (PMFs). When there are multiple intrinsic coupling points (CPs), multiple-order ghost CPs will produce. The quantity of multiple-order coupling modes can be calculated recursively. A graphical method is proposed to distinguish the multiple-order ghost CPs from intrinsic CPs. Overlapping of CPs is affected by the positions of disturbance points. Experiments on two and three disturbance points imposed on PMFs are performed. Experimental results show the positions of multiple-order CPs are agree well with graphical analysis. Additionally, the graphical method can be used to analyze other polarization-sensitive optical devices.
In this paper, we proposed a distributed stress sensor based on white light interferometer. The measurement including two steps: firstly, the moveable mirror of Michelson interferometer scans to detect the interferogram, and the position of dynamic stress can be obtained from the interferogram. Secondly, the moveable mirror of Michelson interferometer adjusted to compensate the optical path difference generated in the polarization maintaining fiber, and the photodiode detect the interference intensity. By applying wavelet transform to the detect signal, the frequency of dynamic stress can be demodulate. In our experiments, the measurement errors for 100 Hz and 1 kHz sinusoidal stress are 0.26 Hz and 0.3 Hz, respectively. And 20 Hz - 60 Hz chirp signal is also measured successfully. In the end, the harmonics in the time frequency distribution image and the factors resulting in the measurement error are discussed in detail.
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