In order to reduce the thermal distortion of the deformable mirror(DM) and improve the laser beam quality, a new type of a 19-element water cooling deformable mirror was developed, and the finite element model of DM with water cooling part was built. The deformation, temperature rising and high-order aberrations were calculated after applying the laser irradiation to the mirror. Based on the results, we found the distortions and temperature rising of DM with water cooling part are much lower than those without it. The thermal distortion and temperature rising decreased from 0.316 μm to 0.210 μm and from 30.3°C to 27.1°C respectively, and the corresponding removed low-order Zernike coefficient residual error was reduced from 0.068 μm to 0.043 μm. The high-order aberrations between them were different. The results have practical engineering application for the design of DM in future higher power laser systems
In order to analyze thermal distortions of the deformed mirror for laser systems, the finite element model of a 417-element deformable mirror was built. The deformation, temperature rising and high-order aberrations were calculated after applying the laser irradiation to the mirror. Based on the results, we found the distortions became larger and larger while the absorption of multilayers increasing. When the mirror thickness is 1 mm, the deformation and temperature rising were 0.370 μm and 6.68 ℃ respectively. The PV decreased from 0.370 μm to 0.256 μm when the mirror got thicker from 1 mm to 3 mm, and the corresponding removed low-order Zernike coefficient residual error was reduced from 0.285 μm to 0.145 μm. The high-order aberrations of the deformed mirror were little when the mirror surface thickness was 3 mm. The results have practical engineering application for the design of deformable mirrors for laser systems.
In order to analyze the influence of laser irradiation on high-order aberrations of the deformed mirror, the finite element model of a 37-element deformable mirror was built. The deformation and high-order aberrations were calculated after applying the laser irradiation to the mirror. Based on the results, we found the high-order aberrations became larger and larger while the thickness of the mirror decreasing. The high-order aberration presented a honeycomb shape of the piezoelectric actuator when the mirror thickness is 1 mm. The PV decreased from 0.128 μm to 0.104 μm when the mirror got thicker from 1 mm to 3 mm, and the corresponding removed low-order Zernike coefficient residual error was reduced from 0.107 μm to 0.0504 μm. The high-order aberrations of the deformed mirror were very little when the mirror surface thickness was 3 mm. The results have practical engineering application for the design of deformable mirrors in future laser systems.
A combined cavity ring-down (CRD) and photometry technique is employed to measure the transmittance of optical laser components in a range extending from below 0.01% to over 99.99%. In this combined technique, the conventional photometric configuration is used to measure, by ratioing the transmitted light power to the input power, the transmittance ranging from below 0.01% to over 99% with a typical relative uncertainty below 0.3%, and the CRD configuration is used to measure the transmittance higher than 99% with an uncertainty below 0.01%. Eight test samples with transmittance in the range of nearly 99.99% to approximately 0.013% are experimentally measured. Uncertainties of approximately 0.0001% for the transmittance of 99.9877% and of 0.003% for the transmittance of 0.013% are achieved with respectively the CRD and photometric schemes of a simple experimental apparatus. The experimental results showed that the combined technique is capable of measuring the transmittance of any practically fabricated optical laser components.
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