After an analysis of the spectral characteristics of the long-period grating (LPG) with decreasing the fiber cladding diameter, we experimentally investigated the spectra of etched LPG pairs (LPGPs) with ~3 dB transmissivity (as in-fiber M-Z interferometers). The evolutions of the transmission spectra were characterized as the cladding diameters were decreased by HF etching process. A shift of the stop-band of LPG and interference pattern of LPGP to longer wavelength was observed with the reduction of cladding diameter, in which that of higher order cladding mode induced a larger shift. The responses of the LPGs and LPGPs with different etching degrees to the change of the surrounding refractive-index were measured, and an increased sensitivity is observed in the experiment.
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