KEYWORDS: Vegetation, Agriculture, Remote sensing, Near infrared, Atomic force microscopy, Sensors, Geographic information systems, RGB color model, Associative arrays, Global Positioning System
Remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) could be very efficiently used for precise paddy field area estimation and provision of paddy field crop maps. The study on drone RS based paddy field estimation and inventory studies at small town-level was taken up in Chungbuk. The major objective of this study was to attempt small town-level paddy rice inventory during rice growing season using drone mounted sensors. The methodology adopted for small townlevel paddy field crop inventory consisted of: a) geo-referencing of Smart Farm Map data, b) rectification of cadastral maps, c) Ground data collection, d) drone data collection and e) accuracy assessment. The data obtained from RGB and NIR sensors onboard the drone are described. Approaches for preprocessing, transferring, and modeling these data for understanding the relationship between their spatial and temporal behavior and rice growth states are discussed. Finally, techniques for rice identification and area and inventory are briefly described. The results indicate that paddy field discrimination at small town-level is possible using drone with accuracy ranging from 95 to 97 per cent depending upon plot size. In most of the paddy field, an amount of heterogeneity was found due to growing state differences and varying management practices resulting in different vigor conditions. As expected it was observed that the accuracy with drone imagery data was better in comparison to National Statistical Office data since plot sizes are very small in the study area. The drone data of the paddy field was also available due to various reasons, it was observed that, for better rice growing condition discrimination and achieving higher accuracy, therefore, Combination drone imagery with Smart Farm Map data is very important. This study brings out the potentials and limitations of combined GIS based small town-level paddy field inventory using drone imagery data. Thus drone data and the information derived from it, is attractive to agricultural management system in the South Korea. It is concluded that, in addition to the GIS combined technology, the use of many other techniques such as ground observations, GPS and meteorological data is highly appreciable.
In recent years, climate change and other anthropogenic factors have contributed to increased crop blight and harmful insects in South Korea crop fields. The main objective of this research was to develop an integrated method and procedure that can be used by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to derive reliable, cost-effective, timely, and repeatable farm information on agricultural production of the field crop at regional level prior to the harvesting date. An attempt has been made in this study to investigate the role of geo-informatics to discriminate different crops at various levels of classification and monitoring crop growth. This research focuses on the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in crop phenology at Chungbuk using the UAV image data. Crop canopy spectral data in the growing seasons were measured. UAV imagery combined with Smart Farm Map (SFM) were suggested as promising for use in a national crop monitoring system. The test bed area which located in Cheongju were observed by four bands of UAV mounted sensors. UAV images were acquired 6 times from May 6 to October 15, 2016. The difference of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was analyzed. Results showed that NDVI of UAV were strongly correlated with vegetation vigor and growth. The spatial and temporal NDVI and land use and Land cover (LULC) distribution of the crop field were mapped based on the 4-band combination of UAV imagery. The results of this study, we found that the spatial and temporal variation and correlation with crop phenology, LULC classification, and NDVI relationship. The developed model in this study shows a promising result, which can be useful for forecasting crop vegetation conditions in regional scales. Also, the results suggest that the necessary classification performance can be obtained in most of the phenology at crop growing cases, therefore the analysis could be cost effective. The investment to achieve this seems to be worthwhile.
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