The waveguides and light sources are essential building blocks in optofluidics. Here, we have developed the new
approach to fabricate efficient waveguides and light sources by using two-phase stratified flow of dye containing liquid
and air. The liquid-core/air-cladding (LA) waveguide can overcome some of major drawbacks of the liquid-core/liquid-cladding
(L2) waveguide without losing its unique advantages. Specifically, stronger optical confinement, originated
from the large refractive index contrast between core and cladding, enable us to achieve lower propagation losses and
larger captured fractions (the amount of light to be coupled into the liquid core). In addition, the LA waveguides are free
from diffusional mixing of the core and cladding fluids. The fluorescent LA waveguides can be fabricated by
conventional poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) based soft lithography, which is compatible with the other parts of
optofluidic devices. Therefore, the fluorescent LA waveguide can be easily integrated with precise alignment as an
internal light source of optofluidic devices.
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