Pierre Ferruit, Giorgio Bagnasco, Reiner Barho, Stephan Birkmann, Torsten Böker, Guido De Marchi, Bernhard Dorner, Ralf Ehrenwinkler, Massimo Falcolini, Giovanna Giardino, Xavier Gnata, Karl Honnen, Peter Jakobsen, Peter Jensen, Manfred Kolm, Hans-Ulrich Maier, Ralf Maurer, Markus Melf, Peter Mosner, Peter Rumler, Jean-Christophe Salvignol, Marco Sirianni, Paolo Strada, Maurice te Plate, Thomas Wettemann
The Near-Infrared Spectrograph NIRSpec is one of the four instruments of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).
NIRSpec will cover the 0.6-5.0 micron range and will be capable of obtaining spectra of more than 100 objects
simultaneously in its multi-object spectroscopy (MOS) mode. It also features a set of slits and an aperture for high
contrast spectroscopy of individual sources, as well as an integral-field unit (IFU) for 3D spectroscopy. We will first
show how these capabilities are linked to the four main JWST scientific themes. We will then give an overview of the
NIRpec modes and spectral configurations with an emphasis on the layout of the field of view and of the spectra. Last,
we will provide an update on the status of the instrument.
The Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) is one of the four science instruments aboard the James Webb Space
Telescope (JWST) scheduled for launch in 2014. NIRSpec is sensitive in the wavelength range from ~ 0.6 to
5.0 μm and will be capable of obtaining spectra of more than a 100 objects simultaneously, as well as fixed slit
high contrast spectroscopy of individual sources. It also features an integral field unit for 3D spectroscopy. The
key scientific objectives of the instrument include studies of star formation and chemical abundances of young
distant galaxies and tracing the creation of the chemical elements back in time. In this paper, we present the
status of the NIRSpec instrument as it is currently being prepared for its extensive ground calibration campaign
later in 2010.
The NIRSpec OA (optical assembly) design largely relies on SiC components. The properties of the SiC material and
very tight stability budgets required a dedicated development process. Starting from validation of design principles by
breadboard testing, this paper describes the development process up to the SM test of the NIRSpec optical assembly.
From breadboard testing the design of the mounting interface was established. The test programme also included gluing
processes, torque free mounting of mirrors and verification of stability of friction joints. The basic design rules for the
mirrors to cope with distortion of mirror surfaces due to bi-metallic bending effects and flatness deficiencies were
derived.
A modular design using 3 TMAs (Three Mirror Anastigmats) was followed for the OA. From the overall design, budget
allocations and design loads for the TMAs were determined. The detailed design process was then driven by distortion
budget allocations derived from optical analysis. Due to stringent stability requirements and high mechanical loads, most
elements needed several design iterations to meet the budget allocations. Finally, distortions and displacements of the
optical elements under the predictable in-orbit conditions were calculated and used in the optical model. The effects can
be partially compensated by adjustment. The budget allocation was then revised to account for non-predictable effects
only.
An extensive test programme on all level is applied. Proof testing is done on parts level; only for some structural parts
the load introduction was too complex to allow full coverage. For those, proof test coverage was completed on TMA
level. Structural qualification is done on TMA and OA level. Material properties of the SiC and associated design
implications led to an extremely low structural damping. The strong responses found in sinusoidal vibration testing
required high effort for test item monitoring, data evaluation and shaker control.
KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Sensors, Camera shutters, James Webb Space Telescope, Silicon carbide, Space telescopes, Observatories, Optical fabrication, Cameras, Cryogenics
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) mission is a collaborative project between the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and is
considered as the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The European contribution consists in providing the
Ariane 5 launcher and two out of the four instruments: a combined mid-infrared camera/spectrograph (MIRI) and a near
infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec). This article will address the mechanical aspects of NIRSpec by providing an overview
of the design drivers and the related solutions for the structure, the thermal design and the mechanisms so as to achieve
the required stringent optical performances. The industrial set-up and the project development status will also be
presented.
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) mission is a collaborative project between the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA).
JWST is considered the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and although its design and science objectives
are quite different, JWST is expected to yield equivalently astonishing breakthroughs in infrared space science.
Due to be launched in 2013 from the French Guiana, the JWST observatory will be placed in an orbit around the anti-
Sun Earth-Sun Lagrangian point, L2, by an Ariane 5 launcher, provided by ESA.
The payload on board the JWST observatory consists of four main scientific instruments: a near-infrared camera
(NIRCam), a combined mid-infrared camera/spectrograph (MIRI), a near-infrared tunable filter (TFI) and a nearinfrared
spectrograph (NIRSpec). The instrument suite is completed by a Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS).
Besides the provision of the Ariane 5 launcher, ESA, with EADS Astrium GmbH (D) as Prime Contractor, is fully
responsible for the funding and the furnishing of NIRSpec and, at the same time, for approximately half of MIRI costs
through special contributions from the ESA member states.
NIRSpec is a multi-object, spectrograph capable of measuring the spectra of about 100 objects simultaneously at low
(R=100), medium (R=1000), and high (R=2700) resolutions over the wavelength range between 0.6 micron and 5.0
micron. In this article we provide a general overview of its main design features and performances.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.