The early stage of the water stressed forest shows the higher temperature before the spectral reflectance change. To
detect the water stressed forest, the satellite detected surface temperature is utilized. The day and night surface
temperature difference is the key factor of the detection, in the case of non-stressed forest the daytime surface
temperature suppress the latent heat increase and the nighttime surface temperature is almost same as the air temperature
at the surface, so that the water stress makes the daytime temperature increases. The day and night surface temperature
difference is primary affected by the forest water stress level. To remove the another effect to the temperature difference
such as the nighttime low air temperature in autumn, the modified day and night surface temperature difference is
defined for the forest water stress detection index. Using the day night surface temperature product from MODIS and the
latent heat flux dataset acquired at some sites of the AMERIFLUX, The water stressed forest is identified using the
proposed index. Also the numerical simulation for the sensitivity analysis of the proposed index is made and the
effectiveness of the index is clarified.
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is going to launch new Earth observation satellite GCOM-C1 in near
future. The core sensor of GCOM-C1, Second Generation Global Imager (SGLI) has a set of along track slant viewing
Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer (VNR). These multi-angular views aim to detect the structural information from
vegetation canopy, especially forest canopy, for estimating productivity of the vegetation. SGLI Land science team has
been developing the algorithm for above ground biomass, canopy roughness index, shadow index, etc.
In this paper, we introduce the ground observation method developed by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in
order to contribute the algorithm development and its validation. Mainly, multi-angular spectral observation method and
simple BRF model have been developed for estimating slant view response of forest canopy. The BRF model developed
by using multi-angular measurement has been able to obtain structural information from vegetation canopy. In addition,
we have conducted some observation campaigns on typical forest in Japan in collaboration with other science team
experienced with vegetation phenology and carbon flux measurement. Primary results of these observations are also be
demonstrated.
It is very important to watch the spatial distribution of vegetation biomass and changes in biomass over time,
representing invaluable information to improve present assessments and future projections of the terrestrial carbon cycle.
A space lidar is well known as a powerful remote sensing technology for measuring the canopy height accurately. This
paper describes the ISS(International Space Station)-JEM(Japanese Experimental Module)-EF(Exposed Facility) borne
vegetation lidar using a two dimensional array detector in order to reduce the root mean square error (RMSE) of tree
height due to sloped surface.
For monitoring of global environmental change, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has made a new plan
of Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM). SGLI (Second Generation GLI) onboard GCOM-C (Climate) satellite,
which is one of this mission, provides an optical sensor from Near-UV to TIR. Characteristic specifications of SGLI are
as follows; 1) 250m resolutions over land and area along the shore, 2) Three directional polarization observation (red and
NIR), and 3) 500m resolutions temperature over land and area along shore. These characteristics are useful in many
fields of social benefits. In addition, 51 products will be made by mainly 35 principal investigators. We introduce the
overview of GCOM-C1/SGLI science.
The Fourth Assessment Report of IPCC predicted that global warming is already happening and it should be caused from
the increase of greenhouse gases by the extension of human activities. These global changes will give a serious
influence for human society. Global environment can be monitored by the earth observation using satellite. For the
observation of global climate change and resolving the global warming process, satellite should be useful equipment and
its detecting data contribute to social benefits effectively. JAXA (former NASDA) has made a new plan of the Global
Change Observation Mission (GCOM) for monitoring of global environmental change. SGLI (Second Generation GLI)
onboard GCOM-C (Climate) satellite, which is one of this mission, provides an optical sensor from Near-UV to TIR.
Characteristic specifications of SGLI are as follows; 1) 250 m resolutions over land and area along the shore, 2) Three
directional polarization observation (red and NIR), and 3) 500 m resolutions temperature over land and area along shore.
These characteristics are useful in many fields of social benefits. For example, multi-angular observation and 250 m high
frequency observation give new knowledge in monitoring of land vegetation. It is expected that land products with land
aerosol information by polarization observation are improved remarkably. We are studying these possibilities by ground
data and satellite data.
KEYWORDS: Vegetation, Reflectivity, Near infrared, Laser scanners, Solar radiation, Remote sensing, Solar radiation models, Data modeling, Radio optics, Airborne laser technology
For a comprehensive vegetation monitoring and/or management, a good understanding of the distribution of the solar
radiation energy among components of this vegetation is needed. The energy received by the vegetation is measured by
spectroradiometers either at satellite elevations or near the ground (in situ measurements). In this study, in situ,
radiometric data and laser scanning techniques are combined, in order to evaluate the contribution of the vegetation
structure to the variability of canopy reflectance. Advanced processing laser techniques are not only an efficient tool for
the generation of physical models but also give information about the vertical structure of canopies (height, shape,
density) and their horizontal extension. To conduct this study, airborne multispectral radiation data and, laser pulse
returns are recorded from a low flying helicopter above the vegetation of a boreal forest. These measurements are used to
derive canopy optical and structural variables. The impact of the canopy 2-dimensional structural variability on the
distribution of the solar radiation reflected by plants of this area is discussed. The results obtained show that the laser
technology can be used for the selection of the most appropriate configuration of radiation measurements, and
optimization of canopy physical characteristics, in future airborne missions.
Propose of a new Vegetation Index is purposes. Ordinal vegetation Index can show intensity of vegetation on the ground. It can not show structure of vegetation surface or texture. Proposed vegetation index utilizes BRF property. It is generated from data from 2 orbit of satellite and be able to show structure of vegetation surface or texture. Principles of this index is coming from field observation using RC helicopter. Each vegetation canopy has different texture and roughness. New index, named BSI (Bi-directional reflectance Structure Index) shows difference of vegetation canopy. It is calculated by using the data of NOAA/AVHRR, ADEOS OCTS. ADEOS-II GLI can derive BSI.
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