KEYWORDS: Ultrafast phenomena, Mode locking, Fiber lasers, Education and training, Neural networks, Solitons, Data modeling, Deep learning, Systems modeling, Engineering
In this paper, we propose using the EfficientNet deep learning neural network to classify the ultrashort pulses in an Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser. The results showed that the model achieved a classification accuracy of 99.8% for solitons, self-similar pulses, and amplifier similaritons, demonstrating its effectiveness in classifying ultrashort pulses.
The impact of dispersion and saturation energy Esat on the mode-locking states in an Yb-doped fiber with near-zero net dispersion was investigated by simulation. We observed the transition states between the three stable mode-locking states: dissipative soliton, similariton, and soliton-like pulse, with the tuning of dispersion and Esat.
Free-space optical communication is a line-of-sight wireless communication scheme, which is preferred for its number of prime advantages over radio frequency wireless communication, such as no spectrum licensing, large bandwidth, inherent security, electromagnetic compatibility/electromagnetic interference immunity etc. Moreover, free-space optical communication also benefits from low-cost installation and maintenance. It has been studied for the next generation access networks, inter-building connections, ground-to-unmanned aerial vehicle links, underwater communication applications, inter-satellite links, deep space links etc. Among various detection approaches utilized in free-space optical communication, coherent detection can achieve the best sensitivity in a bandwidth-limited condition, effectively demodulate optical multilevel coded signals to attain high spectral efficiency, offer excellent background noise rejection. However, such an attractive free-space optical communication suffer from waveform distortion, scintillation, phase fluctuations etc. after transmission in atmospheric channels. Its link losses are almost dependent on atmospheric effects and climatic conditions. In this article, we present an up-to-date survey on coherent free-space optical communication, the atmospheric turbulent effects especially the impacts of turbulence in free-space optical links, and countermeasures against such impairments.
Real-time sensing for gas, liquid, and fine particulate matter are challenging to optical fibers since the probe light cannot interact with the molecules or particle directly. One approach of extending fiber based system to gas or fine particulate matter sensing is taking the advantage of evanescent field that is generated around a microfiber. We report our progress in fluoride microfiber environmental sensor based on the absorption or scattering properties of the generated evanescent field.
Amplitude-modulated continuous-wave laser scanner with focusing optics can realize extremely high-precision 3D measurement. Since amplitude-modulated continuous-wave scheme employs periodical modulation, the longitudinal resolution and the maximum unambiguous range are in a trade-off. Our system utilizes dual-frequency modulation compromise such trade-off. However, such an attractive laser scanner suffers from ranging ambiguity due to aliasing, which is the systematic error inherent in amplitude-modulated continuous-wave scheme. We have removed the ranging ambiguity by aliasing synthesis. Secondly, the acquired 3D point clouds contain phase jumping at the maximum unambiguous range. With leveraging the relationship between the intensity and spatial information, the phase jumping was unwrapped to recover the spatial continuity. Thirdly, the 3D point clouds in the defocused region of the amplitude-modulated continuous-wave laser scanner distort since the depth-of-focus of focusing optics is generally cm order. The 3D point clouds in the defocused area are contaminated by aliasing which can also be regarded as a ranging ambiguity problem. We have experimentally restored the 3D point clouds by aliasing synthesis with the assistance of intensity information. The ranging area can be elongated by at least ten times of the depth-of-focus with such data processing. With the above-all mentioned configuration and data processing, we have compromised the ranging ambiguity inherent in the amplitude-modulated continuous-wave laser scanner comprehensively. We expect that our results contribute to high-precision industrial inspection for Industry 4.0.
With the rise of Industry 4.0, smart factory is fast becoming a key concept in infrastructure. To realize the autonomous production system, it is necessary to ensure the parts are properly manufactured. 3D scanners are expected to play a vital role in quality assessment in smart factories. Especially, amplitude-modulated continuous-wave laser scanners benefit from high accuracy and high sensitivity which are suitable for industrial inspection. However, due to the limited dynamic range of receiver electronics, such laser scanners fail to obtain the data points in 3D measurement of highly reflective objects. This impairment deteriorates the performance of conversion of 3D point clouds to solid data for shape inspection, 3D modeling, reverse engineering etc. We coped with receiver saturation by adopting a high-speed polarizationindependent variable optical attenuator in our laser scanner. With such a lase scanner, we have succeeded in prevention of data loss due to receiver saturation.
High repetition rate with broadband spectrum optical pulses generated directly from an Yb – doped fiber oscillator were realized. The output spectrum has a 10 – dB spectral width of 106 nm over 1100nm. The average power of the pulses is higher than 100 mW and the repetition rate was 169.43 MHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the mode – locked Yb – doped fiber laser with the optical spectrum broader than 100 nm, pumped by low pump power has been reported.
Amplitude-modulated continuous-wave laser scanners can realize 3D measurement with high longitudinal resolution. With installation of focusing optics in the laser scanning system, the high lateral resolution can be realized, which is enhanced by the focused beam spot size <100 um. However, the depth-of-focus of the focusing optics is generally several cm. The 3D data of the defocused objects are contaminated by aliases distributed by integer times of the half cycle of the periodical modulation. Aliasing is an impairment inherent in the amplitude-modulated continuous-wave scheme. We experimentally recovered the defocused data drastically by synthesizing those aliases. The ranging area can be elongated by at least ten times with such data processing compared with the depth of focus. Our results will contribute to highprecision industrial inspection for Industry 4.0.
We demonstrated distributed strain measurement using the slope-assisted Brillouin optical correlation-domain analysis (SA-BOCDA) with polarization maintaining fiber (PMF), which has no polarization scrambler. The 0.35- m-long strained section in 47-m-long PMF was clearly measured with 1-kHz sampling ratio and no averaging. Next, we proposed the new concept of the human interactive sound effector using SA-BOCDA with PMF, which means that the distributed measurement data was used as sound waveform directly. Then we demonstrated the sound wave controlling with SA-BOCDA with PMF. This result will be useful for not only the sensing application but also the musical instrument application based on nonlinear optical phenomenon.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.