A latest results obtained in THL-100 hybrid femtosecond laser system operating in the visible spectral range are presented and the ways of the peak power increase of the laser beam are discussed.
The results of multiterawatt laser beam formation of a visible range in THL-100 hybrid laser system based on titanium-sapphire front-end and photochemical XeF(C-A) boosting amplifier are presented. The front-end delivers at the second harmonic centered around 475 nm up to 20 mJ energy in 50 fs and to 7 mJ in 50 ps pulses. The active medium of the XeF(C-A) amplifier is produced in a XeF2/N2 mixture irradiated by the VUV radiation from electron beam excited xenon. The laser system is described and the latest results are presented.
The results of the formation and amplification of positive chirped 0.1 ns laser pulse at a central wavelength of 470 nm in the laser system THL-100 are presented. It is shown that a front-end allows forming a radiation pulse with a Gaussian intensity profile and the energy up to 7 mJ. At amplification in XeF(C-A) amplifier of the pulse with 2-5 mJ energy a saturated mode is realized and 3.2 J output laser beam energy is reached.
We developed an explicit analytical solution of FWM under the laser beam propagation in a medium with cubic nonlinear response in the framework of both plane wave approximation and long pulse duration approximation. We used the approach based on the problem invariants and assumption of equal pump-wave amplitudes. It is impossible to get the explicit solution of the problem under consideration without taking into account the problem invariants. The developed analytical solution allows providing a full analysis of FWM modes in the space of interaction parameters. We have shown, in particular, the existence of bistable mode for energy conversion from the pump waves to the signal wave. This mode of energy conversion is very important for FWM experiments explaining.
The design and characterization of a THL-100 multi-terawatt hybrid laser system based on a Start-480M titaniumsapphire
starting complex and photochemical XeF(C-A) amplifier with a 25-cm aperture are described. The first
experiments results are presented. A laser beam peak power of 14 TW at 475 nm wavelength has been attained.
Terawatt hybrid (solid state/gas) laser (THL-100) system on the basis of Ti:sapphire starting complex (50 fs, 5 mJ)
and photochemical XeF(C-A) amplifier with the aperture of 24 cm is presented. Laser system is built at Institute of High
Current Electronics SD RAS, Tomsk, Russia. The design and peculiarities of optical pumping of XeF(C-A) amplifier,
methods of pump power measuring, gain distribution across the active volume are discussed. The results of numerical
modeling of the output parameters simulation are presented and one compared with first experimental results.
Terawatt hybrid laser (THL-100) system on the basis of Ti:sapphire starting complex and final amplifier with
gaseous optically driven active media on XeF(C-A) molecules is presented. Laser system is built at Institute of High
Current Electronics SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia. It consists of Ti:sapphire starting complex and photochemical XeF(C-A)
amplifier. The active media of amplifier pumped by VUV radiation has 24 cm aperture and 110 cm length. The results
of numerical modeling of the output parameters and first experimental results are presented in this paper.
We report a novel experience gathered in the development of powerful optical sources of the vacuum
ultraviolet (VUV) radiation, which are based on high-current multichannel surface discharges of submicrosecond
duration. The peak intensity of the VUV radiation produced by the designed large-area (~0.1 m2) optical sources
reaches 130 kW/cm2, whereas the intrinsic efficiency of the discharge emission within the spectral range of 120-200 nm attains 3.2 %. Application of such sources to pump a gaseous active medium of the multipass XeF(C-A)
amplifier allows us obtaining the total gain factors exceeding 102 for the blue-green ultrashort optical pulses of
150 fs duration. The results presented in the report show a considerable potential of the developed laser
technology for the femtosecond pulse amplification up to petawatt peak powers.
We present the design of an OPCPA (Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification) pre-amplifier incorporated in a
visible (475 nm) high-contrast multiterawatt femtosecond laser chain based on hybrid (solid/gas) technology.
Amplification of blue-green (470-490 nm) femtosecond pulses in a gaseous active medium of a photolytically driven XeF(C-A) laser amplifier is studied experimentally. The active medium is optically pumped by the vacuum-ultraviolet radiation from two large-area multichannel surface discharges initiated along opposite planes of the amplifier cavity. The amplification factors exceeding 100 are obtained in a multipass optical scheme in the regime of homogeneous gain distribution over a beam cross-section of up to 3 cm in diameter. A small-signal gain of 0.002 cm-1 is observed at 488 nm for the continuous radiation of Ar-ion laser and for the 150 fs seed pulses as well. The registered spectra insure a good conservation of the temporal characteristics of amplified ultrashort pulses.
The multi-stage hybrid laser system producing ultrashort pulses of radiation with peak power ~1014 - 1015 W being now under developing at the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences is discussed. The distinctive feature of the laser system is direct amplification of ultrashort pulses produced by a solid state laser system, first going through a prism stretcher with negative dispersion, in gas active medium without using a rather expensive and complicated grating compressor of laser pulses. Two hybrid schemes are being developed now based on the amplification of femtosecond pulses of the third harmonic of Ti:Sapphire laser at the wavelength 248 nm in the active medium of KrF laser amplifier, and on the amplification of the second harmonic of Ti:Sa laser at the wavelength 480 nm in the active medium of photochemical XeF(C-A)-laser excited by VUV radiation of an e-beam pumped Xe2 lamp. The final stage of the laser system is supposed to be an e-beam pumped facility with a laser chamber of 60 cm in diameter and 200 cm long in the case of KrF laser, and with another laser chamber of 30-40 cm in diameter put into the former one in the case of XeF(C-A) laser. The parameters of such e-beam facility are close to those of previously developed at the Institute of High-Current Electronics: electron energy ~600 keV, specific input power ~ 300-500 kW/cm3, e-beam pulse duration ~ 100-200 ns. A possibility of using Kr2F as an active medium with saturation energy 0.2 J/cm2 for amplification of ultrashort laser pulses is also under consideration. There was theoretically demonstrated that the energy of a laser pulse at the exit of the final stage of the laser system could come up to ~ 17 J with pulse duration ~50 fs in the case of KrF laser, and ~75 J with pulse duration of 25 fs in the case of XeF laser. Two Ti:Sa laser systems producing 50 fs pulses with energy ~0.5 mJ at the wavelength 248 nm and ~5 mJ at the wavelength 480 nm have been already developed and are being now installed at the Lebedev Institute.
The multi-stage hybrid laser system producing ultrashort pulses of radiation with peak power ~1014 - 1015 W now under
developing at the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences is discussed. The distinctive feature
of the laser system is direct amplification of ultrashort pulses produced by solid state laser system, first going through a
prism stretcher with negative dispersion, in gas active medium without using a rather expensive and complicated grating
compressor of laser pulses. Two hybrid schemes are being developed now based on the amplification of femtosecond
pulses of the third harmonic of Ti:Sapphire laser at the wavelength 248 nm in the active medium of KrF laser amplifier,
and on the amplification of the second harmonic of Ti:Sa laser at the wavelength 480 nm in the active medium of
photochemical XeF(C-A)-laser excited by VUV radiation of an e-beam pumped Xe2 lamp. The final stage of the laser
system is supposed to be an e-beam pumped facility with a laser chamber of 60 cm in diameter and 200 cm long in the
case of KrF laser, and with another laser chamber of 30-40 cm in diameter put into the former one in the case of XeF(CA)
laser. The parameters of such e-beam facility are close to those of previously developed at the Institute of High-
Current Electronics: electron energy ~600 keV, specific input power ~ 300-500 kW/cm3, e-beam pulse duration ~ 100-
200 ns. A possibility of using Kr2F as an active medium with saturation energy 0.2 J/cm2 for amplification of ultrashort
laser pulses is also under consideration. There was theoretically demonstrated that the energy of a laser pulse at the exit
of the final stage of the laser system could come up to ~ 17 J with pulse duration ~50 fs in the case of KrF laser, and
~75 J with pulse duration of 25 fs in the case of XeF laser. Two Ti:Sa laser systems producing ~50 fs pulses with
energy ~0.5 mJ at the wavelength 248 nm and ~5 mJ at the wavelength 480 nm have been already developed and are
being now installed at the Lebedev Institute. Preliminary
A low density medium like a gas is attractive for laser amplification due to its high breakdown threshold and scalability to very large volumes. Moreover, the non-linear index of refraction of a gas is of three orders of magnitude lower than for a solid medium that is particularly suitable for direct amplification, without pulse stretching, of high-power ultrashort pulses. Among all gas laser media, application of the photolytical XeF(C-A) laser for high energy amplification is very attractive for the development of ultra-high power laser systems up to the petawatt power level due to the XeF(C-A) broad amplification bandwidth (80 nm FWHM centered near 475 nm) and a rather high saturation fluence (~0.05 J.cm-2), as well as a very low level of Amplified Spontaneous Emission. The paper presents the strategy of the LP3 laboratory to develop a high-contrast multiterawatt femtosecond laser chain based on a hybrid (solid/gas) technology, including a Ti:Sapphire oscillator generating 50 fs pulses at 950 nm, an Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification stage, a frequency converter, and a final high-energy amplification in the photolytical XeF(C-A) amplifier. Our approach is supported by first pilot experiments of femtosecond pulse amplification in a compact photolytical XeF(C-A) amplifier.
A new concept of the direct amplification of femtosecond optical pulses in photochemically driven active media, such as Xe2Cl, XeF(C–A) and Kr2F, is discussed with the main emphasis on the XeF(C–A) active medium as one of the most widely studied system. The main advantage of these systems is that they are characterized by a broad gain bandwidths (60–100 nm) which allow to support 10 fsec pulses and are centered in the blue-green region (490, 480 and 420 nm, respectively) spectrally matching to the second harmonic of a Ti:Sa laser. The last circumstance is important from the viewpoint of considerable increasing temporal contrast ratio of ultrahigh peak-power fsec systems.
We introduce a numerical investigation of a HF photochemical laser pumped by planar multi-channel sliding discharge to study the possibility of advanced laser characteristic achievement using such pumping source. The model considers transport of VUV pump radiation through the nonlinear absorptive active medium containing NF3/H2/N2Ar gas mixture coupled with chemical and lasing kinetics describing the temporal and spatial evolution of particle species and intracavity lasing photons. The relative importance of various kinetic processes is evaluated and the 3.2 J/liter laser specific energy is calculated.
A numerical code has been developed to simulate the characteristics of HF chemical laser based on non-chain reaction pumped by a planar sliding discharge radiation. The model considers transport of VUV pump radiation through the nonlinear absorptive active medium containing NF3/H2/N2/Ar gas mixture coupled with chemical and lasing kinetics describing the temporal and spatial evolution of particle species concentration and intracavity lasing photons density. The relative importance of various kinetic processes is evaluated and a 3.2 J/l laser output specific energy is calculated along the laser axis.
Laser action in the optically pumped HF chemical laser using NF3 molecule as an F atom donor, as well as a bleaching wave regime of pumping HF chemical laser have been observed for the first time. The formation of a bleaching wave running away from the surface discharge, used as a pumping source, at the velocity of approximately 8 km/sec results in very fast (with supersonic velocity) replacement of an active medium in the zone of laser action and provides, thereby, as high as unity quantum efficiency of the laser action. Output energy of 0.4 J in a 3.2 microsecond pulse and specific energy of 3.5 J/l were observed. Also presented are the preliminary results of the first observation of the laser action in HF upon optical pumping of ClF5/H2 mixture by radiation from a surface discharge.
A compact (approximately equals m2 of table space), surface-discharge pumped laser head has been developed and applied to pumping the XeF(C-A) transition head has been developed and applied to pumping the XeF(C-A) transition that lases in the blue-green (approximately equals 485 nm) and the 1315 nm transition of atomic iodine. Having an active length of approximately equals 50 cm, this device requires no external high voltage or current switches, and presently dissipates >8 MW per cm of surface discharge. With 5% ouput coupling (unoptimized), pulse energies >50 mJ are obtained from the CA laser and 0,7 J from the iodine laser.
A compact (approximately 1 m2 of table space), surface- discharge pumped laser head has been developed and applied to pumping the XeF (C yields A) transition that lases in the blue- green (approximately 485 nm). Having an active length of approximately 50 cm, this device requires no external high voltage or current switches, and presently dissipates > 8 MW per cm of surface discharge. With 5% output coupling (unoptimized), pulse energies > 50 mJ are obtained from the C yields A laser.
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