We report direct measurement of spectrally selective absorption properties of PbSe and PbS colloidal quantum
dots (CQDs) in Si nanomembrane photonic crystal cavities on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates.
Enhanced optical absorption was obtained when CQD absorption overlaps with photonic crystal Fano resonances.
On the other hand, no absorption was observed when the Fano resonance has no spectral overlap with the CQD
absorption bands. The measurement results agree well with the simulation results obtained based on 3D FDTD and
RCWA simulation techniques. Measured angular and polarization properties also agree well with Fano resonance
transmission properties, which were obtained experimentally and, theoretically based on simulated dispersion
properties and transmission properties. Bending induced spectral shifts were characterized for potentially flexible
photonic device applications.
Crystalline semiconductor nanomembranes (NMs), which are transferable, stackable, bondable and
manufacturable, offer unprecedented opportunities for unique and novel device applications. We report here
nanophotonic devices based on stacked semiconductor NMs on Si, glass and flexible PET substrates. Photonic
crystal Fano resonance-based surface-normal optical filters and broadband reflectors have been demonstrated with
unique angle and polarization properties. Flexible photodetectors and solar cells have also been developed based on
the NM stacking processes. Such NM stacking process can lead to a paradigm shift on silicon photonic integration
and inorganic flexible photonics.
We report theoretical and experimental investigations of infrared absorption characteristics for PbSe colloidal
quantum dots in defect-free photonic crystal (PC) cavities, via Fano resonances. Angle and polarization independent
transmission and absorption are feasible for surface normal incident beams with dispersion engineered modal
design. Experimental demonstration was done on patterned single crystalline silicon nanomembranes (SiNMs)
transferred on glass and on flexible PET substrates, with PbSe QDs backfilled into the air holes of the patterned
SiNMs. These findings enable the design of spectrally selective photodetectors at near infrared regime with the
desired angle and polarization properties.
In this paper, a new process for the formation of hemispherical structures as an omni-directional anti-reflection
(omni-AR) coating in solar cell is reported. We also demonstrated the simulation results of the angular and spectral
dependences of the total reflectivity on various micro-structured surfaces. Close to zero reflection can be achieved in
some micro-structured surfaces over an extended spectral region for large ranges of incident light angles. Daily
generated current in such hemispherical solar cells hence enhanced to 1.5 times of bulk silicon solar cells. The impact of
feature size, density, shape and refractive index has all been investigated. The experimental results agree reasonably well
with the theoretical work. Such an omni-AR structure offers an attractive solution to current bulk crystalline silicon solar
cells, as well as thin film, organic and future quantum based solar cells.
We here proposed a new kind of ultra-compact filters based on Fano resonances on patterned single crystalline silicon
nanomembranes (SiNM), which were fabricated and transferred onto transparent substrates like PET plastic and glass
substrates, using a wet transfer process. The angular and polarization dependent transmission characteristics of the filter
are experimentally investigated. The filter transmission characteristics are insensitive to the incident angle and
polarization for surface-normal incidence. For other incident angle conditions, the transmission peaks/dips shift,
according to the modal dispersion properties, as verified with the simulated modal dispersion curves. Both surface-normal
and angle-dependent filter transmission measurement results agree well with the numerical simulations.
Infrared photodetectors with spectrally selective response are highly desirable for applications such as hyper-spectral
imaging and gas sensing. Owing to the ability of photonic density of states modification and dispersion engineering,
photonic crystals appear to be one of the most promising platforms for infrared photodetectors with spectrally-selective
absorption enhancement. We report here the latest advances on 1D and 2D dielectric photonic crystal structures for
infrared photodetectors, based on defect mode, bandedge effect and the guided mode resonance/Fano effects. High
spectral selectivity and tunability is feasible with defect mode engineering, making photonic crystal defect cavities a
promising nanophotonic platform for the spectrally selective infrared sensing and hyper-spectral imaging, with the
incorporation of quantum well or quantum dot infrared photodetector heterostructures.
Significantly enhanced absorption at the defect mode can be obtained at surface-normal direction in a dielectric single-defect photonic-crystal-slab, with an absorption enhancement factor greater than 4,000. Complete absorption suppression within the photonic bandgap region can also be observed in defect-free photonic crystal cavities. High spectral selectivity and tunability is feasible with defect mode engineering, making photonic crystal defect cavities a promising nanophotonic platform for the spectrally selective infrared sensing and hyper-spectral imaging, with the incorporation of quantum well or quantum dot infrared photodetector heterostructures.
In this paper, we present the simulation results on the absorption modification in a two-dimensional photonic
crystal slab (2D PCS) structure, based on three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain technique (3D FDTD).
Significantly enhanced absorption at defect level was obtained at surface normal direction in a single defect photonic
crystal cavity, for both in-plane and vertical sources. An absorption enhancement factor in the range of 100-6,000 was
obtained under different operation conditions, based on the normalized absorption power spectral density with respect to
the reference slab without photonic crystals. Complete absorption suppression within the photonic bandgap region was
also observed in defect-free cavities. High spectral selectivity and tunability was feasible with defect mode engineering.
In this paper, we present the simulation results on the absorption modification in photonic crystal (PC) structures. For one-dimensional (1D) PC, using transfer matrix method (TMM), we obtained enhanced absorption in both defect-free and defect based PC structures. High absorption (>60%) and small bandwidth (< 0.1 λ0) at defect level were observed with optimal absorption layers of 10-15 for structures with single defect. We also present the modified infrared absorption in two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs (2D PCS), based on the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method (3D FDTD). The normalized absorption power spectral density in single defect based 2D PCS structures increased by a factor of 18 at the PC defect mode level. This enhancement factor is largely dependent upon the spectral overlap between the absorption material and the defect mode cavity. Complete absorption suppression within the photonic bandgap region was also observed in defect-free cavities, and in single defect cavities when the absorption spectral band has no overlap with the photonic bandgap.
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