In this paper, a trench-based novel structure for high-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor (SPR), sensitivity enhancement has been observed and presented. The novel structure provides localization of a large fraction of the light energy inside a layer that is adjacent to the outer surface of a metal coating on the sensor. In this technique, a propagating surface plasmon gets confined typically by illuminating thin, multilayer metal films through the novel structure. The novel structure helps to extend more localization of the plasmonic field into the buffer medium where sensing has to occur. The trench-based SPR sensor has excellent optical properties, further enhanced the sensitivity compared with the conventional SPR. The change chemical parameter result directly gives the change in refractive indexes of sensing materials corresponds to change in radiation wavelength, reflectivity, phase for a specific incidence angle.
In this paper, we have investigated the bending losses that occur in an optical fiber, which results in loss of power and efficiency for highly sensitive applications. We have analyzed different power results on the bending of an optical fiber concerning the number of turns and the bending radius. The result analysis has done with both plastic and silica fibers on the mentioned parameters. The simulation result shows power loss in fiber when radius of curvature changed with fixed number of turns on fiber wrapping. The experimental results have presented with the effects of bending radius and wrapping turn on fiber. The observation of this analysis helps to develop modeling of plastic optical and silica fiber to draw sensing structure. This paper focuses on areas of medical, industrial applications where highly sensitive applications are required, and losses in transmission cannot be compromised.
In this paper, we are going to select low-cost plasmonic material and in accordance with special design structure which is economical with respect to high-cost noble metals with respect to conventional structure. We are going to analyze and compare the sensitivity of different metal with fixed special structure. The optical property of the material is size dependent and can be achieved by tuning micro and nanostructure design and selection of proper material. Due to change in optical property of macro and nano scales structure properties of materials, we can achieve for low-cost material with high-performance SPR sensor. Optical properties of submicron sized metal nanoparticles have drawn and simulated with nanometer precision for different material. The selection of nanostructure with proper material gives the best trade-o_ with the noble metal. The low-cost SPR sensor is needed for society to check pollution and other biochemical property and as biosensors.
A dispersion tailored properties of fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based vibration sensor has been explored, assuming a highly perturbed apodization profile. Most of the FBG designed so far for vibration sensing applications are nonuniform. This paper deals with the modeling of perturbation as a more complicated chirp-type nonlinear apodization profile. It can significantly reduce the dispersion-induced signal distortion and side lobe intensity followed by the improvement of sensor performance. The study reveals that an accurate modeling of vibration sensor is quite feasible while opting the proposed apodization profile. FBG sensor parameters are optimized in such a way that the sensor may operate only under lowest order modes. To the author’s knowledge, sensing capability of FBG-based microaccelerometer having arbitrary chirp type of apodization profile has not been discussed before. It is assumed that small perturbation theory is valid while keeping the influence of microbend geometry in analysis. The standard matrix method is used to study dispersion characteristics due to the complicated apodized profile. The simulation results are validated with the experimental result for the known cases.
Due to very high frequency and large time bandwidth product, photonic generation, and processing of arbitrary microwave waveforms has been an interesting topic in the area of remote sensing application. Here, a photonic technique is proposed for the generation of a dual non-linear chirp microwave waveform in Ku-band. This methodology is based on the principle of optical external modulation through cascading of two Mach-Zehnder Modulators. Its application has been investigated in modern radar system in terms of range-Doppler resolution. A comparative study has been done on the performance analysis of a dual chirp signal with nonlinear and linear chirping capability.
In recent years, food safety issues caused by contamination of chemical substances or microbial species have raised a major area of concern to mankind. The conventional chromatography-based methods for detection of chemical are based on human-observation and slow for real-time monitoring. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors offers the capability of detection of very low concentrations of adulterated chemical and biological agents for real-time by monitoring. Thus, adulterant agent in food gives change in refractive index of pure food result in corresponding phase change. These changes can be detected at the output and can be related to the concentration of the chemical species present at the point.
In the present scenario the process control industries mainly uses 1-5 Volt or 4-20 mA protocol for transmitting the measured signal to remote location operators. These types of protocol prone to interference and limited data transfer rate. To overcome these types of limitation we proposed photonic based transmitter for liquid level measurement which will enhance data transfer rate and interference reduction to eliminate noise signal in the channel during transmission to make transmission more reliable, accurate and consistent in performance. The required mathematical derivation and the principle of operation of the transmitter are shown in the paper.
In this paper we theoretically realize the all optical pressure sensor using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). In this model, one arm of MZI is plated with silver and surrounded with specially design polymer filled metal cylinder with opening at one side where pressure applied. The MZI structure can be effectively used to sense surface plasmon resonance and used as an efficient pressure sensor. The paper includes the suitable expressions for the optimizing the power entering each branch of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the SPR phase and amplitude changes. The results are very effectively supported by the use of COMSOL and MATLAB.
The optical fiber sensor for higher pressure detection based on surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomena is design and analysed. The optical fiber is coated with a thin film of metal by removing cladding from core of a multi-mode optical fiber. The calculated pressure sensitivity is based on two parameter. First one is the derivative of the resonance wavelength of SPR-based optical sensor with respect to the refractive index of surrounding medium; the second is the derivative of refractive index of polymer with respect to the pressure. The proposed structure can be suitable for high sensitivity pressure measurements, for various industrial applications.
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