KEYWORDS: Video, Cameras, Video processing, Image processing, Imaging systems, Analog electronics, Sensors, Digital electronics, Digital signal processing, Image sensors
A miniaturized camera utilizing advanced extended dynamic range CMOS APS imager technology and employing real-time histogram equalization has been developed for capturing scenes having high intra-scenic dynamic range. The camera adapts to changes in scene brightness and contrast in two frame periods, and acquires fully processed images in less than 100 milliseconds after power is applied. The BLINC camera contains an automatic exposure time control and is capable of capturing over 8 equivalent f-stops of optical dynamic range. This exposure time control along with programmable extended dynamic range and built-in 12-bit analog to digital converter allows the Sarnoff APS75 CMOS VGA image sensor to accommodate up to 15 f-stops of intra- scenic dynamic range. The APS75 sensor was fabricated with standard CMOS-7 design rules in a 0.5 micron SPTM process. Progressive scan digital video is stored and processed in real-time by an application specific integrated circuit image processor to provide optimal image contrast and exposure. The processed video is then transformed to 10-bits with a proprietary adaptive non-linear mapper before being converted to standard RS-170 analog video. Small size, light weight and low energy consumption make this camera well suited for UAV, and automotive applications.
KEYWORDS: Capacitors, Calibration, LCDs, Analog electronics, Power supplies, Liquid crystals, Modulation, Clocks, Temperature metrology, Data conversion
An all-digital, 5 V input, 50 Mhz bandwidth, 10-bit resolution, 128- column, AMLCD column driver IC has been designed and tested. The 10-bit design can enhance display definition over 6-bit nd 8-bit column drivers. Precision is realized with on-chip, switched-capacitor DACs plus transparently auto-offset-calibrated, opamp outputs. Increased resolution permits multiple 10-bit digital gamma remappings in EPROMs over temperature. Driver IC features include externally programmable number of output column, bi-directional digital data shifting, user- defined row/column/pixel/frame inversion, power management, timing control for daisy-chained column drivers, and digital bit inversion. The architecture uses fewer reference power supplies.
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