The Autonomy Levels for Unmanned Systems (ALFUS) workshop series was convened to address the
autonomous nature of unmanned, robotic systems, or unmanned systems (UMS). Practitioners have
different perceptions or different expectations for these systems. The requirements on human interactions,
the types of tasks, the teaming of the UMSs and the humans, and the operating environment are just a few
of the issues that need to be clarified. Also needed is a set of definitions and a model with which the
autonomous capability of the UMS can be described. This paper reports the current results and status of the
ALFUS framework, which practitioners can apply to analyze the autonomy requirements and to evaluate
the performance of their robotic programs.
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