We report on the synthesis, the molecular properties and an evaluation of the photorefractive performance of different types of polymer composites. Samples were C60 and (2, 4, 7-trinitro-9-fluorenylidene)malonitrile (TNFDM) sensitized and characterized by four-wave mixing and two-beam coupling experiments at 680 and 780 nm. In a first type of composite, new synthesized N-arylated carbazoles were used as bifunctional chromophores to demonstrate the importance of the relative orientation of dipole moment and polarizability tensor on the Figure-of-Merit (FOM) of photorefractive experiments. Investigations were performed on mixed inorganic/organic nanocomposites to extend the photosensitivity of the samples to longer wavelengths, photoconductivity at 980 nm was studied on PbS colloids/PVK samples. Finally, a fully functionalized photorefractive polymer was synthesized and analyzed by four-wave mixing and two beam coupling experiments. The polymer showed a strange oscillating behavior in diffraction efficiency and gain. Thus far the temporally oscillation couldn’t be explained properly.
We have studied the photorefractive properties of three different polymer types. A first class were (2,4,7-trinitro- 9-fluorenylidene)malononitrile sensitized poly(N- vinylcarbazole)/N-ethylcarbazole polymer composites doped with dyes of varying polarity. The performance was optimized, and at an applied field of 59 Volt/micrometer, we have observed complete internal diffraction and a gain coefficient of 167 cm-1. A photorefractive two-beam coupling novelty filter was constructed with such a polymer. The response of these composites was compared to that of polymethacrylates functionalized with carbazole, an internal plasticizer and different chromophores. The best results were obtained in a third polymer type, where only a bifunctional chromophore was attached to the polymer backbone.
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