Remote sensing and characterization of high temperature targets on the Earth’s surface is required for many cross-disciplinary science investigations and applications including fire and volcano impacts on ecology, the carbon cycle, and atmospheric composition. For decades this research has been hindered by insufficient spatial resolution and/or detector saturation of satellite sensors operating at short and mid-infrared wavelengths (1-5μm) where the spectral radiance from high temperature (<800 K) surfaces is most significant. To address this critical need, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and partnering institutions are developing a compact modular high dynamic range (HDR) multispectral imager concept, with the flexibility to operate in the short, mid- or long-wavelength infrared spectral bands.
The planetary boundary layer (PBL) is a key interface of energy exchange between the surface and atmosphere, however, current spaceborne sensors are not optimized to measure in this region. There is significantly more PBL temperature and humidity information content in the microwave spectrum that current satellite instruments resolve. The photonic spectro-radiometer developed under NASA ESTO ACT-20 program capable of fully resolving the microwave spectrum to return all PBL information in the microwave spectrum. A novel photonic integrated circuit is designed having integrated a modulator for up-conversion of signals into optics domain, an arrayed waveguide grating and star couplers with filters.
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