Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensors have recently attracted the attention of many researchers due to their unique properties which paved the way for many applications. Unlike the conventional configurations of SPR, the PCF-based sensors make remote sensing and real-time detection feasible. In addition, it is required to remove the conventional fiber cladding for obtaining a high sensitivity. In this paper, the use of Titanium Nitride (TiN) as a refractory plasmonic material in a highly sensitive plasmonic PCF is presented and analyzed by full vectorial finite element method. The proposed design relies on a silver layer as a plamonic material. Further, a thin coating layer of the abrasion-resistant alternative plasmonic material TiN is used to protect the silver layer from oxidation. In this investigation, the Ag/TiN configuration achieves high refractive index sensitivities of 9400 nm/RIU for both quasi-transverse electric (TE) and quasi-transverse magnetic (TM) modes by optimizing the design geometrical parameters. It is found out that the resonant peaks corresponding to the two polarized modes are extremely sensitive to the analyte refractive index variations. Moreover, the performance of the suggested design has high linearity. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time to introduce TiN in a bimetallic PCF biosensor as a plasmonic material with high sensitivity.
An enhanced multifunctional biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance is proposed and studied based on alcohol mixture filled photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The suggested biosensor has an alcohol mixture housed into a central hole which operates as a temperature dependent material. In addition, a gold nano-rod is attached at the inner surface of a large hole which is infiltrated with the analyte under study. Accordingly, both analyte refractive index and temperature sensing can be achieved using the reported biosensor where the guided core modes in the central hole can be coupled to the surface plasmon modes around the gold nano-rod. The sensitivity of the proposed biosensor is maximized by studying the effects of the structure geometrical parameters. In this regard, full-vectorial finite element method is used throughout the numerical analysis with perfect matched layer boundary conditions. The multifunctional alcohol mixture filled PCF sensor achieves very high temperature sensitivity of 13.1 nm/℃ with very high analyte refractive index sensitivity of 12700 nm/RIU. According to the literature review, the achieved refractive index and temperature sensitivities are higher than those for similar recent sensors in the same sensing range.
In this paper, we study the use of Titanium Nitride (TiN) as a new alternative plasmonic material to achieve a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor. The TiN has unique properties that make it an ideal material for nanofabrication, where TiN is highly stable, highly conductive, and corrosion resistant. Full vectorial finite element method is used with perfectly matched layer (PML) as boundary conditions to analyze the suggested biosensor. By analyzing the geometrical parameters of the proposed biosensor, a refractive index sensitivity of 7700 nm/RIU and 3600 nm/RIU are obtained for quasi-transverse electric (TE) and quasi transverse magnetic (TM) modes, respectively. The reported biosensor has a high linearity for detecting an unknown analyte refractive index ranging from 1.32 to 1.34. Further, fabrication of the proposed biosensor could be done using standard PCF fabrication current technologies.
In this paper, a highly sensitive surface plasmon photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor is reported and studied to monitor glucose concentration. The suggested design is based on a well-known large mode area (LMA) single mode PCF infiltrated by a plasmonic material. Additionally, an etching process is applied to increase the biosensor sensitivity. The numerical analysis is obtained using a full vectorial finite element method (FVFEM). The suggested biosensor based on a commercial PCF with plasmonic rod achieves sensitivity as high as 7900 nm/RIU with corresponding resolution of 1.26 × 10-5RIU-1. The analysis also reveals that the proposed biosensor has a linear performance which is needed practically. Therefore, the reported biosensor has advantages in terms of fabrication feasibility and high linear sensitivity
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