To enhance the Raman scattering efficiency of light by molecules, various techniques relying on either stimulated or surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have been developed. But they are either limited by the poor control of the scattered light, narrow bandwidth of the resonance frequency, or restricted area of field enhancement. Here we present a unique waveguide approach to achieve broadband enhanced Raman scattering of molecules with precisely controlled propagation direction. We demonstrated 99% of the Raman photons can be coupled into the waveguide. The near unity couple efficiency is due to the largely enhanced spontaneous Raman scattering rate in waveguide.
We report recent studies of integrated plasmonic devices for nano-focusing and nano-defocusing, capable of drastically enhancing interactions between light and matter. Our approach is based on gap plasmonic waveguides, which enable efficient photonic-to-plasmonic mode conversion. Here, we demonstrate metallic components that focus light to a 10 nm scale and explore how linear and nonlinear processes are enhanced. We will initially discuss how to achieve low-loss conversion from photonic-like states to plasmonic gap modes. We will then focus on new studies that evaluate the enhancement of nonlinear frequency mixing, spontaneous emission and Raman scattering, all occurring at the nanofocus in these devices.
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