A two-dimensional circular photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR)-based add-drop filter (ADF) is designed for ITU-T G.694.2 eight-channel coarse wavelength division multiplexing systems. The resonant wavelength and pass-band width of the ADF are 1491 and 13 nm, respectively. Close to 100% of coupling and dropping efficiencies and a 114.69 quality factor are observed through simulation. Then the coupled mode theory (CMT) analysis of circular PCRR-based ADF is attempted to compare obtained CMT response into simulated finite difference time domain method response. The overall size of the device is much smaller; that is, 11.4×11.4 μm, which is highly suitable for photonic integrated circuits and all optical photonic network applications.
A two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal ring resonator-based bandstop filter is conceived, its stopband efficiency is investigated using the 2-D finite difference time domain method, and its band diagram is calculated by plane wave expansion method. The stop-band efficiency of the filter, ∼98%, is observed over the wavelength range 1562-1573 nm. Furthermore, the effects of the relative permittivity and geometrical parameters are considered for determining stop-band efficiency and stop-band width. The overall dimension of the device is 11.4 × 11.4 μm, which is highly suitable for photonic integrated circuits.
This paper introduces the scattering matrix for Total Internal Reflection (TIR) electro-optic switch and Spanke switch fabric. The transfer functions of the switch and switch fabric are derived through Mason's gain formula. The scattering matrix of the switch fabric is formed using star product of switch element's scattering matrices. These transfer functions can be made to analyze the responses of the switch and fabric. Finally, generic model for transfer function of 'n' port switch fabric is proposed.
For the past few decades, the world observes a tremendous growth in the fundamental concepts based on higher dimensional quantum structures. Several reports and results have been reported in the leading journals consistently on optical sources like light emitting diodes and laser diodes, modulators/switches and detectors by deploying the concepts of periodical structures like quantum wells, quantum dots and porous silica. Certainly in the world of ultra high-speed communication, the above said devices will pave way to get the best performance out of it. In general, antenna is the most inevitable part of wireless communication systems, particularly, desirable bandwidth with demanded directivity, compactness, high efficient antennas are expected to materialize in the future generation (4G) cellular mobile communication, mobile computing and personal communication services. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the radiation characteristics of quantum structures (QW, QWR, and QD). These radiation characteristics are compared with that of the conventional current carrying element. It is found that the radiation properties are much better than the conventional current carrying elements. Hence, radiators based on these structures can be made with high efficiency, directivity and low power consumption. Thus, this work paves a way to develop novel radiators to meet the demands of the future communication systems.
Spanke switch architecture is predominantly used in telecommunication switching circuits. In this architecture the number of inlets is equal to the number of outlets (symmetric type). However, some applications require unequal number of inlets and outlets (asymmetric type). No model is available to characterize the parameters of asymmetric configuration. This paper introduces a generic model for the parameters of Spanke optical switch configuration. Modeling has been done for the number of switch elements, number of crossovers, maximum loss and minimum loss. The properties of Spanke optical switch configuration are analyzed and their corresponding curves are obtained. The proposed model can be used for both types of Spanke configurations so to get optimal number of switch elements and crossovers.
Ultra high-speed optical switches (< 10 ns) are more important in optical networks and optical computers. This paper analyzes the switching speed and insertion loss of (2 x 2) Total Internal Reflection (TIR) electro — optic switch in Multiple Quantum Well (MQW) and Quantum Dot (QD) structures using equivalent circuit model approach. Then extended to analyze the switching speed and insertion loss of switch fabric (Spanke Architecture). For the purpose of this study, AlGaAs/ GaA° multiple quantum well stmcture of length 150 micrometer and width of 40 micrometer and InAs quantum dot of 100 K diameter are considered. This work is carried out with SABER Sketch (ver.4.2.3) package. It is found that the obtained switching speed of both quantum dot switch and fabric are improved by a factor of 1000 (from the order of nano seconds to femto seconds) and insertion loss reduced by a factor of 1000 (from the order of dBm to dBµ) while comparing to quantum well switch and fabric. Also noticed that the operating speed of the switch fabric is relatively oscillatory when the number of switch fabric stage is less than four.
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