The High-Resolution Near-InfraRed Spectrograph (HRNIRS) concept for the Gemini telescopes combines a seeing limited R ~ 70000 cross-dispersed mode and an MCAO-fed near diffraction-limited R ~ 30000 multi-object mode into a single compact instrument operating over the 1 - 5 μm range. The HRNIRS concept was developed in response to proposals issued through the Aspen instrument process by Gemini. Here we review the science drivers and key functional requirements. We present a general overview of the instrument and estimate the limiting performance.
KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Absorption, Sensors, Spectrographs, Stars, Optical components, Velocity measurements, Gemini Observatory, Device simulation, Signal to noise ratio
The High-resolution Near-infrared Spectrograph (HRNIRS) concept for the Gemini telescopes combines a seeing-limited R ~ 7000 cross-dispersed mode and an MCAO-fed near diffraction-limited R ~ 20000 multi-object mode into a single compact instrument operating over the 0.9 - 5.5 μm range. We describe the systems engineering and performance modeling aspects of this study, emphasizing simulations of high-precision radial verlocity measurements in the Gemini Cassegrain-focus instrument environment.
The NEWFIRM program will provide a widefield IR imaging system optimized for survey programs on the NOAO 4-m telescopes in Arizona and Chile. The camera images a 28 x 28 arcminute field of view over 1-2.4 microns wavelength range with a 4K x 4K pixel array mosaic. We present an overview of camera design features including optics design, manufacture, and mounting; control of internal flexure between input and output focal planes; mosaic array mount design; and thermal design. We also discuss the status of other projects within the program: array control electronics, observation and pipeline reduction software, and production of the science grade array complement. The program is progressing satisfactorily and we expect to deliver the system to the northern 4-m telescope in 2005.
We describe a cryogenic, high-resolution spectrograph (Phoenix) for the 1-5 micrometers region. Phoenix is an echelle spectrograph of the near-Littrow over-under configuration without cross dispersion. The foreoptics include Lyot re- imaging, discrete and circular variable order sorting filters, a selection of slits, and optics for post-slit and Lyot imaging. The entire instrument is cooled to 50 K using two closed cycle coolers. The detector is a Hughes-Santa Barbara 512 X 1024 InSb array. Resolution of 65,000 has been obtained. Throughput without slit losses is 13 percent at 2.3 micrometers . Recent results are discussed. Phoenix is a facility instrument of the National Optical Astronomy Observatories and will be available at CTIO, KPNO, and Gemini.
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