Dr. Radwanul H. Siddique Profile

Dr. Radwanul H. Siddique

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I am leading the Metaphotonics research group to advance Samsung's imaging and sensing research based on bioinspired and nanophotonic principles within Image Sensor Lab of Samsung Semiconductor Inc. located in Pasadena, USA. I was a Postdoctoral Scholar at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), USA. I have received my Ph.D. (summa cum laude) from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany in 2016. I worked as a visiting researcher in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge, the UK in 2015. Prior to that, I pursued an integrated program completing my MSc in photonics engineering under Erasmus Mundus EUROPHOTONICS program in 2012, funded by EU Commission where I attended Karlsruhe School of Optics and Photonics (KSOP) in Germany, Institute of Photonic Sciences (ICFO) in Spain and CNRS laboratory Institute Fresnel in France.

I term my field of research interest as Bio-inspired Nanophotonics; which concentrates on understanding the underlying physics at the nanoscale of fascinating biologically evolved optical structures, developing affordable nanofabrication techniques to implement them, and incorporating the discoveries into device-level biomimetic engineering solutions for optoelectronic and medical applications. I have adopted interdisciplinary skills to answer my research questions, spanning across computational optics, imaging, and spectroscopies of bio(-inspired) systems, and nanofabrication.

I was involved in several SPIE outreach programs and lead as VP of the OSKar, an SPIE student chapter at KIT.

Proceedings Article | 28 April 2023 Presentation

Hybrid visible imaging and near-infrared optical spectroscopy using bioinspired nanostructures with smartphone image sensors

Radwanul Siddique

Proceedings Volume PC12481, PC1248104 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2660099

KEYWORDS: Spectrometers, Nanostructures, Visible radiation, Optical spectroscopy, Optical imaging, Imaging spectroscopy, Image sensors, Optical sensors, Chemical elements, Tolerancing

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Proceedings Article | 18 April 2022 Presentation

Bioinspired multifunctional nanophotonic sensors for ocular disease diagnostics

Radwanul Siddique

Proceedings Volume PC12041, (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2614669

KEYWORDS: Anisotropy, Polymers, Particles, Atomic force microscopy

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Conventional optical sensing devices require bulky and sophisticated optical systems to obtain high-quality information. Over the last decades, photonic metamaterials have attracted considerable interest in various sensing applications due to their compactness and high performance capabilities. However, millions of years of evolution in the biological world has developed a plethora of unique micro- and nanoscopic photonic structures to perform versatile vision and sensory functions. In this talk, I will discuss how the development of nanophotonic devices harnessing bioinspired attributes can provide novel yet highly practical solutions for ophthalmic sensing applications. Inspired by the multifunctional nanostructures on the wings of glasswing butterflies, we first develop Si3N4-based nanostructures onto a Fabry-Perot-resonator-based intraocular pressure (IOP) sensor for glaucoma management. The metasurface integration onto the IOP sensor led to a 2.5-fold improvement in readout angle allowing easy handheld monitoring and in a one-month in vivo study conducted in rabbits, showed a 3-fold reduction in IOP error and 12-fold reduction in tissue encapsulation and inflammation, compared to an IOP sensor without nanostructures. I will further show its application in optical wearables and contact lenses where, we developed a nanostructured scleral lens with enhanced optical, bactericidal, and sensing capabilities. The bioinspired nanostructures, made on biocompatible parylene thin-films are mounted on the anterior and posterior side of a traditional scleral lens. Compared to a traditional scleral lens, the nanostructured scleral lens minimizes glare at large viewing angles of 80o by 4.3-fold, and block UVA light while offering greater transmission in the visible regime. Furthermore, they display potent bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli, killing 89% of tested bacteria within 4 hr in vitro. The same nanostructures conformally coated with gold are used to perform simple, rapid, and label-free multiplex detection of lysozyme and lactoferrin (protein biomarkers of chronic dry eye disease) in artificial and whole human tears using drop coating deposition Raman spectroscopy within their physiological and pathological concentration range.

Proceedings Article | 4 March 2019 Presentation

Biophotonic nanostructured translational implants for remote intraocular pressure sensing (Conference Presentation)

Radwanul Siddique, Vinayak Narasimhan, Jeong Oen Lee, Shailabh Kumar, Hyuck Choo

Proceedings Volume 10891, 108910D (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507514

KEYWORDS: Nanostructures, Biomedical optics, Nanostructuring, Remote sensing, Sensors, In vivo imaging, In vitro testing, Inflammation, Medical devices, Atomic force microscopy

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While numerous multifunctional antifouling nanostructures on insect wings have been previously studied and replicated, their potential incorporation into implantable medical devices remains unexplored. We have demonstrated the use of multifunctional bioinspired nanostructured membrane inspired by transparent butterfly wings for intraocular pressure (IOP) sensing in vivo. [1]. We investigated the multifunctional properties of the biophotonic nanostructures found on the wings of the longtail glasswing (C. faunus) butterfly. The AFM, SEM, optical, and biological characterizations have revealed that two groups of dome-shaped nanostructures with different periodicity co-exist on the transparent wings of the C. faunus: (1) angle-independent anti-reflective nanostructures with periods of 140-180 nm in the postdiscal areas; (2) angle- independent transmissive light-scattering nanostructures with periods of 200-300 nm in the basal areas. In vitro testing has revealed both regions displayed antifouling properties based on physically-induced cell lysis. We have (1) adapted the coherence-preserving angle-independent transmissive light-scattering property of the basal nanostructures that could make optical sensors such as Fabry Perot (FP) resonators more angle-independent; and (2) by further engineering the basal nanostructures, created bioinspired nanostructures (BINS) that would prevent biofouling without inducing cell lysis and suppress inflammation. To produce BINS with periods of 385-505 nm on a Si3N4-membrane, we used a polymer-phase separation process following the nature’s way of forming nanostructures [2,3]. Angle- resolved transmission spectroscopy showed that the light transmission of the BINS-integrated membrane was twice more angle-independent than a flat Si3N4-membrane. In a series of in vitro studies the BINS-integrated Si3N4 surface displayed remarkable anti-biofouling properties against proteins (albumin and streptavidin, ***P ≤ 0.001), prokaryotes (E. coli, **P ≤ 0.01), and eukaryotes (HeLa cells, ***P ≤ 0.001) when compared to flat Si3N4 and control (glass) surfaces. Finally, we integrated BINS onto the FP-resonator-based IOP sensor that was recently developed in our lab [4]. However, its practical applications were limited by its narrow readout angle inherent to FP-resonators and infrequent but severe biofouling observed after long-term implantation. The BINS integration onto the IOP sensor led to a 2.5-fold improvement in readout angle allowing easy handheld monitoring and in a one-month in vivo study conducted in rabbits, showed a 3-fold reduction in IOP error and 12-fold reduction in tissue encapsulation and inflammation, compared to an IOP sensor without BINS. References [1] V. Narasimhan, R. H. Siddique, et al. Nature Nanotechnology 13, 512–519 (2018) [2] V. Saranathan et al. Nano Letters 15(6), 3735-3742 (2015) [3] R. H. Siddique, et al. Science Advances 3 (10), e1700232 (2017) [4] J. O.Lee at al. Microsystems & Nanoengineering 3, 17057 (2017)

Proceedings Article | 23 May 2018 Presentation

Polymer blend lithography: a versatile approach for the fabrication of disordered light harvesting nanostructures (Conference Presentation)

Yidenekachew Donie, Anna Osypka, Radwanul Siddique, Tsvetelina Merdzhanova, Vikas Voggu , Brian Korgel, Jan Preinfalk, Amos Egel, Hendrik Hölscher, Uli Lemmer, Guillaume Gomard

Proceedings Volume 10688, 106880U (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312079

KEYWORDS: Nanostructures, Polymers, Light harvesting, Lithography, Nanolithography, Electron beam lithography, Lithium, Photovoltaics, Solar cells, Photonic nanostructures

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Over the last couple of years, photonic materials with tailored -i.e. with deliberately introduced- structural disorder have attracted considerable interest in photovoltaics due to their extended spectral and angular range of effectiveness [1]. Notably, quasi-random nanostructures realized by e-beam lithography (EBL) have been integrated in solar cells as broadband light trapping elements, and have proved to approach the theoretical (Lambertian) limit [2]. Despite recent research efforts aiming at increasing the EBL writing speed [3], alternative routes based on self-assemblies still possess major advantages for an industrial implementation of disordered structures as they allow to rapidly process them over large areas (>>cm2). In this communication, we show that the up-scalable polymer blend lithography technique can be used as a versa-tile platform for fabricating 2D planar, disordered nanostructures that can be exploited in both top-down and bottom-up strategies. Tailored disorder is achieved here by adjusting the process parameters (polymer blend composition and deposition conditions), enabling to tune the morphology and the spatial distribution of the nanostructures produced, and in turn their light harvesting properties. We first use our approach to pattern a resist etching mask, which is employed for transferring disordered nanoholes into a thin hydrogenated amorphous silicon layer by dry etching (top-down route). We report an enhancement of its integrated absorption of +90% under normal incidence, and of up to +200% at large incident angles with respect to an unprocessed absorber [4]. In a second example, we demonstrate that similar structures can serve as a template in a bottom-up configuration, whereby copper indium diselenide nanocrystals are infiltrated into the disordered nano-holes formed in a resist layer. This route, paving the way to wet-processable "photonized" absorbers, is compared to a previous work relying on a serial writing process [5], and the optical properties of the resulting patterned absorbing layers are analysed. We finally elaborate on the significance of these findings for the reverse problem, namely for light extraction in broadband light-emitting diodes. References [1] Burresi, M., Pratesi, F., Riboli, F., & Wiersma, D. S. (2015). Complex photonic structures for light harvesting. Advanced Optical Materials, 3(6), 722-743. [2] Martins, E. R., Li, J., Liu, Y., Depauw, V., Chen, Z., Zhou, J., & Krauss, T. F. (2013). Deterministic quasi-random nanostructures for photon control. Nature communications, 4, 2665. [3] Li, K., Li, J., Reardon, C., Schuster, C. S., Wang, Y., Triggs, G. J., ... & Krauss, T. F. (2016). High speed e-beam writing for large area photonic nanostructures—a choice of parameters. Scientific reports, 6. [4] Siddique, R. H., Donie, Y. J., Gomard, G., Yalamanchili, S., Merdzhanova, T., Lemmer, U., & Hölscher, H. (2017). Bioinspired phase-separated disordered nanostructures for thin photovoltaic absorbers. Science Advances, 3(10), e1700232. [5] Dottermusch, S., Quintilla, A., Gomard, G., Roslizar, A., Voggu, V. R., Simonsen, B. A., ... & Richards, B. S. (2017). Infiltrated photonic crystals for light-trapping in CuInSe2 nanocrystal-based solar cells. Optics Express, 25(12), A502-A514.

Proceedings Article | 5 September 2014 Paper

Utilizing laser interference lithography to fabricate hierarchical optical active nanostructures inspired by the blue Morpho butterfly

Radwanul Siddique, Abrar Faisal, Ruben Hünig, Carolin Bartels, Irene Wacker, Uli Lemmer, Hendrik Hoelscher

Proceedings Volume 9187, 91870E (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2066467

KEYWORDS: Photoresist materials, Glasses, Lithography, Nanolithography, Nanostructures, Polymers, Refractive index, Reflectivity, Photoresist developing, Fabrication

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Conference Committee Involvement (2)

Bioinspiration, Biomimetics, and Bioreplication XIV

25 March 2024 | Long Beach, California, United States

Bioinspiration, Biomimetics, and Bioreplication XIII

13 March 2023 | Long Beach, California, United States

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