KEYWORDS: Angiography, Laser therapeutics, Optical coherence tomography, Global system for mobile communications, Endoscopy, Biopsy, Vagina, Tissues, Statistical analysis, Medicine
Fractional CO2 laser therapy holds potential for treating the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM). However, it remains controversial in female pelvic medicine. Here, we developed a non-invasive intravaginal OCT/OCT angiography (OCTA) endoscope. This system can simultaneously obtain both structural and vascular information during vaginal laser procedures. Our clinical research involved 25 post-menopausal GSM patients and took OCT/OCTA scans from four distinct vaginal regions throughout treatment sessions. With the help of deep learning, we measured Vaginal Epithelial Thickness (VET). We used OCTA to monitor Blood Vessel Density (BVD) and track vascular densification. We also conducted long-term follow-up experiments to assess the subsequential efficacy of laser treatment. Additionally, involving 45 women of varied menopausal stages, we analyzed their VET, BVD, and self-test scores to quantify the correlation between objective and subjective parameters. Our OCT/OCTA endoscope provides a noninvasive biopsy tool for gynecological research, aiding clinicians in evaluating tissue responses to laser treatments.
In the study, we design a real-time multimodal imaging system to identify and differentiate lipid-rich plaques from stable plaques. We have shown that IVPA is able to perform lipid detection in real time imaging mode. We also see potential lipid and calcified region in ex vivo human artery images. In the future, we plan to validate our study with more ex-vivo animal and human artery images to determine the safety and usefulness before moving on to the in-vivo studies.
Despite the emerging market in fractional-pixel CO2 lasers to treat Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) in menopausal women, the effect of the laser treatment on vaginal tissue remains poorly understood. We developed an intravaginal OCT endoscope that simultaneously obtains structural and vascular information during the vaginal laser procedure. Based on the monitoring and statistical analysis of the Vaginal Epithelial Thickness (VET) and Blood Vessel Density (BVD) along with the treatment for months, laser treatment shows a positive impact on vaginal health. This system can serve as a noninvasive biopsy tool in gynecological studies.
Despite the emerging market in fractional-pixel CO2 lasers to treat Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) in menopausal women, the effect of the laser treatment on vaginal tissue remains poorly understood. We developed an intravaginal OCT endoscope that can obtain structural and vascular information simultaneously during the vaginal laser procedure. Based on the monitoring and statistical analysis of the Vaginal Epithelial Thickness (VET) and Blood Vessel Density (BVD) along with the treatment for months, laser treatment shows a positive impact on vaginal health. This system can serve as a noninvasive biopsy tool in gynecological studies.
In this work, we demonstrate the ability to image and quantify airway changes, edema, and epithelial layer separation using OCT and automated tissue boundary identification in the rabbit large airways as early as 30-minutes post-chlorine gas exposure. We propose this novel approach will enable further investigations into using OCT for pre-hospital and point-of-care diagnostics of large airway injury due to airway toxic chemical exposure. With enhanced portability over conventional bronchoscopy, we believe our system is capable of field hospital deployment and investigating airway conditions in warfighters. Combining OCT with bronchoscopy would enhance the assessment and treatment of large airway chemical injury.
Degenerative joint disease (DJD) is a disease that the articular cartilage changes from hyaline cartilage to fibrous cartilage. PS-OCT may provide a method to quantitatively analyze cartilage birefringence and diagnose DJD. Here, we proposed a novel PS-OCT system that uses spun fiber to construct the sample arm. In this work, phase retardation map, optical axis map, and conventional OCT images of hyaline cartilage and fibrous cartilage are presented, and the differences in the birefringence of these two types of cartilage are identified. The proposed PS-OCT system demonstrates great potential for accurate diagnosis of DJD in the clinic.
Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) provides cross-sectional images of different polarization states, which can be utilized to obtain additional properties of biological tissue, such as birefringence. It has been demonstrated that collagen secreted by smooth muscle cells (SMC) is highly associated with the stability of atherosclerotic plaques; since both collagen and SMC are birefringent, endoscopic PS-OCT may provide a means to quantitatively analyze the risks and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Here, we developed a compact spun-fiber-based PS-OCT to achieve robust imaging. In this work, the phase retardation map and OCT images of an ex vivo cadaver coronary artery are presented, and the birefringence of the collagen and SMC is identified.
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