Dr. Samuel D. Butler Profile

Dr. Samuel D. Butler

Retired at Air Force Institute of Technology

SPIE Involvement:

Author | Career Lab Leader | Leadership Workshop Facilitator

Publications (22)

Proceedings Article | 3 October 2022 Paper

Determining solar cell BRDF model parameters by fitting to high-resolution out-of-plane measurement data

Michael Gross, Todd Small, Michael Marciniak, Samuel Butler

Proceedings Volume 12215, 122150C (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2632803

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Solar cells, Data modeling, MATLAB, Diffraction, Charge-coupled devices, Light scattering, Glasses, Sun, Reflectivity

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 November 2021 Open Access

Uncertainty analysis for CCD-augmented CASI^® BRDF measurement system

Todd Small, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

OE, Vol. 60, Issue 11, 114101, (November 2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.60.11.114101

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Sensors, CCD cameras, Uncertainty analysis, Optical filtering, CCD image sensors, Solids, Optical engineering, Tolerancing

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SPIE Journal Paper | 20 September 2021 Open Access

Data-driven algorithm to classify the degree of isotropy in the bidirectional reflectance distribution function

Anne Werkley, Samuel Butler, Todd Small, Michael Marciniak

OE, Vol. 60, Issue 09, 094108, (September 2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.60.9.094108

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Mirrors, Reflectivity, Polishing, Aluminum, Data modeling, Algorithm development, Optical engineering, Detection and tracking algorithms, Reflection

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SPIE Journal Paper | 6 September 2021 Open Access

Robust method of determining microfacet BRDF parameters in the presence of noise via recursive optimization

Michael Bishop, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

OE, Vol. 60, Issue 09, 094103, (September 2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.60.9.094103

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Data modeling, Optimization (mathematics), Reflection, Optical engineering, Solids, Performance modeling, Near infrared, Scatterometry, Scatter measurement

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Proceedings Article | 3 August 2021 Presentation + Paper

Characterization of the optical performance and scatter of an infrared dielectric metasurface lens

Matthew Miller, Ekaterina Poutrina, Piyush Shah, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak, Augustine Urbas

Proceedings Volume 11802, 118020B (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594928

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Scattering, Sensors, Semiconducting wafers, Laser scattering, Infrared radiation, Diffraction, Dielectrics, Lens design

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Proceedings Article | 12 April 2021 Presentation + Paper

Scatter coordinate mapping and out-of-plane BRDF measurements for specular materials using an augmented CASI® measurement system

Todd Small, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 11727, 117270X (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2597028

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Charge-coupled devices, Uncertainty analysis, Spatial resolution, Reflectivity, Reflection, Lead

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2020 Presentation + Paper

Augmenting CASI® BRDF measurement device to measure out-of-plane scatter with CCD pixel array

Todd Small, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 11485, 114850B (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568050

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Charge-coupled devices, Measurement devices, Scatter measurement, Sensors, CCD image sensors, Reflectivity, Data modeling, Databases, Satellite communications

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2020 Presentation

Comparison of the accuracy of Rayleigh-Rice polarization factors to improve microfacet pBRDF models

Rachel Wolfgang, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 11485, 114850H (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568042

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Data modeling, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Remote sensing, Reflectivity, Signal attenuation, Refraction, Polarimetry

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2020 Presentation

Analysis of hybrid directional volumetric scatter terms for enhanced microfacet BRDF modeling

Michael Bishop, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 11485, 114850I (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568046

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2019 Paper

Nonmechanical beam-steering in reflective inverse diffusion

Eric Nagamine, Kenneth Burgi, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 11107, 1110706 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2530209

KEYWORDS: Spatial light modulators, Wavefronts, Sensors, Reflectivity, Diffusion, Beam steering, Reflection, Scattering, Fourier transforms, Detection and tracking algorithms

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SPIE Journal Paper | 16 October 2018

Improved grazing angle bidirectional reflectance distribution function model using Rayleigh–Rice polarization factor and adaptive microfacet distribution function

Becca Ewing, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

OE, Vol. 57, Issue 10, 105102, (October 2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.57.10.105102

KEYWORDS: Error analysis, Data modeling, Mid-IR, Polarization, Long wavelength infrared, Near infrared, Statistical modeling, Solids, Signal attenuation, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2018 Presentation

Polarimetric evaluation of oblique and grazing angle microfacet BRDF model modification using experimental data (Conference Presentation)

Ann Lanari, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak, Becca Ewing

Proceedings Volume 10750, 1075007 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2321233

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Polarimetry, Geometrical optics, Data conversion, Polarization, Signal attenuation, Reflectivity, Remote sensing, Factor analysis

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Proceedings Article | 16 May 2018 Paper

Radiation induced defects in high-Z shielded Ytterbium doped fibers

D. Cruz, S. Butler, B. Singleton

Proceedings Volume 10629, 106290E (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304425

KEYWORDS: Signal attenuation, Light sources, Photons, Spectroscopy, Ytterbium, Cladding, Lead, Calibration, Aluminum, Radiation effects

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Proceedings Article | 8 May 2018 Paper

Grazing angle experimental analysis of modification to microfacet BRDF model for improved accuracy

Becca Ewing, Samuel Butler

Proceedings Volume 10644, 106441I (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2303744

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Near infrared, Mid-IR, Long wavelength infrared, Signal attenuation, Ultraviolet radiation, Error analysis, Reflectivity, Polarization

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Proceedings Article | 5 September 2017 Paper

Experimentally validated modification to Cook-Torrance BRDF model for improved accuracy

Samuel Butler, James Ethridge, Stephen Nauyoks, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 10402, 1040214 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2274145

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Geometrical optics, Mathematical modeling, Scattering, Polarization, Remote sensing

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Proceedings Article | 5 September 2017 Presentation + Paper

Wave optics simulation of statistically rough surface scatter

Ann Lanari, Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak, Mark Spencer

Proceedings Volume 10402, 1040215 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2274234

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Monte Carlo methods, Data modeling, Wave propagation, Optical simulations, Statistical modeling, Numerical analysis, Computer simulations

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2016 Paper

A novel image-based BRDF measurement system and its application to human skin

Jeffrey Bintz, Michael Mendenhall, Michael Marciniak, Samuel Butler, James Tommy Lloyd

Proceedings Volume 9961, 996108 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2239119

KEYWORDS: Skin, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Near infrared, Cameras, Imaging systems, Light sources, Image segmentation, Tissue optics, Image processing, RGB color model

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2016 Presentation + Paper

Analysis of wave optics BRDF model elements for a moderately rough surface

Samuel Freda, Samuel Butler, Stephen Nauyoks, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 9961, 99610G (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238118

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Optical components, Surface roughness, Remote sensing, Reflection, Systems modeling, Surface finishing, Error analysis, Polishing, Light scattering

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2015 Paper

Experimental measurement and analysis of wavelength-dependent properties of the BRDF

Samuel Butler, Stephen Nauyoks, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 9611, 96110G (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188093

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Data modeling, Nickel, Polishing, Sensors, Aluminum, Reflectivity, Statistical modeling, Polarization, Vector spaces

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2015 Paper

Comparison of microfacet BRDF model elements to diffraction BRDF model elements

Samuel Butler, Stephen Nauyoks, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 9472, 94720C (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177221

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Systems modeling, Diffraction, Surface finishing, Reflection, Scattering, Polishing, Geometrical optics, Spherical lenses, Osmium

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Proceedings Article | 15 September 2014 Paper

Modeling effects of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function on remote sensing in the LWIR

Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak, Joseph Meola

Proceedings Volume 9222, 92220H (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2063549

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, High dynamic range imaging, Data modeling, Long wavelength infrared, Atmospheric modeling, Solar radiation models, Nickel, Remote sensing, Databases, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 5 September 2014 Paper

Robust categorization of microfacet BRDF models to enable flexible application-specific BRDF adaptation

Samuel Butler, Michael Marciniak

Proceedings Volume 9205, 920506 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2061134

KEYWORDS: Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Signal attenuation, Data modeling, Visual process modeling, Statistical analysis, Scattering, Performance modeling, Remote sensing, Mathematical modeling, Nickel

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Showing 5 of 22 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (2)

Reflection, Scattering, and Diffraction from Surfaces VII

24 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Reflection, Scattering, and Diffraction from Surfaces VI

20 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

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