Displays used for defense and security can often be a critical component in analysis where image data needs to be
converted to actionable information with accuracy and speed. In situations where complex and/or time-critical image
data are being processed, 3D displays have been historically used to maximize accuracy, comprehension and efficiency
in the analysis process, and could be used more widely today. While the ideal 3D display technology does not yet exist,
viable 3D display products have become available in recent years for many applications. These new products are driven
by advancements in display technology at large. This paper will provide a brief overview of 3D perception and imaging,
an overview of current 3D display technology and a discussion of current and potential near term applications for 3D
displays.
A novel stereoscopic/3D desktop monitor has been developed that combines the output of two active matrix LCDs (AMLCDs) into a stereo image through use of a unique beamsplitter design. This approach, called the StereoMirror, creates a stereo/3D monitor that retains the full resolution, response time and chromaticity of the component displays. The resultant flicker-free image, when viewed with passive polarizing glasses, provides an unprecedented level of viewing comfort in stereo. The monitor also is bright enough to use in normal office lighting. The display has excellent optical isolation of the two stereo channels and a wide viewing angle suitable for multi-viewer use. This paper describes the architecture of the system and the principal of conservation of polarization that results in the full-definition stereo image. Optical performance results are also described. Practical considerations will be discussed, including system interface requirements, conversion between stereo/3D and monoscopic viewing and comparison to other stereo display approaches. The higher level of performance provided by the StereoMirror allows for stereo viewing to be viable in new imaging markets as well as permitting a more effective use of stereo in existing markets. These applications are discussed.
The paper presents methodologies for characterizing liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and the image quality of two new high-performance monochrome LCDs, a 2- and a 5-million-pixel display. The systems' image quality is described by on-axis characteristic curves, luminance range and contrast, luminance and contrast as a function of viewing angle, diffuse and specular reflection coefficients, color coordinates, luminance uniformity across the display screen, temporal response time and temporal modulation transfer function (MTF), spatial MTF, spatial noise power spectra and signal-to-noise ratios.
The LCDs are equipped with an internal photosensor that maintains a desired maximum luminance and calibration to a given display function. The systems offer aperture and temporal modulation to place luminance levels with more than 12-bit precision on a desired display function and achieve very uniform contrast distribution over the luminance range. The LCDs have image quality that is superior in many respects to high-performance and high-resolution cathode-ray-tube (CRT) displays, except for the temporal MTF and the spatial noise. Spatial noise appears to be comparable to CRT display systems with P4 or P104 phosphor screens.
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