The old theory of polarization holography is based on Jones matrix formalism, where the angle between two lights to be interfered each other should be small, and the results are limited under the paraxial approximation. However, since the tensor theory of polarization holography was proposed, the research of polarized holography has become hot, and has made a lot of new progress. There are also many researching works of reconstruction characteristics have been reported. One of the examples is that multi-channel recording was applied to data storage high density recording. In this paper, the representative works are introduced.
In the tensor polarization holography theory, parameters A and B represent the scalar and tensor coefficients of the photo-induced change in the dielectric tensor, respectively. A/B is called the exposure response coefficient, a key factor for manipulating the polarization state of the reconstructed wave in polarization holography. We measure the initial exposure response coefficient of the polarization-sensitive material, phenanthrenequinone-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PQ/PMMA), and analyze the effect of the interference angle and the polarization states of the signal and reference waves on the coefficient in linear polarization holography. To better understand the linear polarization holography, we develop a formula to describe the law of the initial exposure response coefficient.
Polarization grating (PG) divides the incident wave into the left- and right-handed circularly polarized waves, the intensities of two waves depending on the state of polarization of incident wave. Large deflection angle of the commercial PG is usually made by the grating cascade due to the limit of grating period. While using the tensor polarization holography theory, arbitrary deflection angles of PGs have been designed, where the polarization-sensitive material phenanthraquinone-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PQ/PMMA) is utilized as the recording medium in our experiments. We have made PG with the deflection angle of 40°.
There are many ways to realize null reconstruction in polarization holography, which can be divided into two types. One is the null reconstruction without exposure response coefficient constraint, and the other is the null reconstruction limited by the exposure response coefficient. On the basis of previous studies, we have further studied these two types of null reconstruction, and obtained the necessary conditions for realizing the two types of null reconstruction under arbitrary interference angle and polarization state.
In Big Data era, holographic data storage has become a good candidate recording technology, because of there are not only large storage capacities, but also high transfer rates. However, the realized capacity of it has a big gap to the theory. Polarization holography, a newly researched field, with the extraordinary capabilities in modulating the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light have resulted in several new applications, such as holographic storage technology, multichannel polarization multiplexing, vector beams, and optical functional devices. In this paper, the fundamental research on polarization holography with linear polarized light, a component of the theory of polarization holography, has been introduced. The polarization modulation realized using these polarization characteristics exhibits unusual functionalities, rendering polarization holography as an attractive research topic in a novel method for increasing the capacity of holographic data storage has been provided.
Polarization holography has gained traction with the development of tensor theory. It primarily focuses on the interaction between polarization waves and photosensitive materials. By introducing the polarization characteristics of light into conventional holography, more degrees of freedom can be provided to control optical information. Based on the polarization modulation of polarization hologram, we propose a method to realize bifocal-polarization holographic lens in volume hologram. Two foci can be generated simultaneously or separately by changing the polarization state of the reading wave. The material used is a PQ/PMMA polarization sensitive medium, the thickness is 1.5mm. The bifocal-polarization holographic lens has 112 mm clear aperture and 446mm focal length.
Polarization holography based on tensor theory can accurately describe the reconstruction characteristics at arbitrary interference angles, so some optical elements such as wave plates can be produced by polarization holography. The wave plates are important optical elements that can control the phase and polarization state of wave. Conventional wave plates convert the polarization state of the incident wave through crystal birefringence and then require the accurate thickness. Based on the polarization holography described by tensor theory, we produce the half-wave plate whose azimuthal angle of fast axis may be arbitrary by using the polarization sensitive material, phenanthrenequinone-doped poly methyl methacrylate (PQ/PMMA).
Based on tensor polarization holography, the variation of exposure response coefficient with the increase of exposure energy under different recording process is introduced in this paper. We find that different recording processes have different effects on the exposure response coefficient. However, at the beginning of exposure, there is an initial value of the exposure response coefficient independent of the holographic recording process. With this special phenomenon, polarization modulation of reconstructed wave can be easily realized at low exposure energy, such as faithful reconstruction, orthogonal reconstruction and null reconstruction.
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